摘要
目的比较小儿麻醉用七氟烷吸入诱导和异丙酚静脉诱导的临床特点。方法择期手术的患儿30例,随机分为两组:七氟烷组和异丙酚组,分别记录诱导至意识消失的时间,和诱导前、诱导时、插管后即时和插管后1min的血压、心率、血氧饱和度(SpO2),及诱导时躁动、屏气、喉、支气管痉挛、恶心、呕吐等不良反应。结果两组患儿意识消失的时间差异无显著性,分别为异丙酚组35.5±11.7s;七氟烷组38.5±11.4s。两组诱导和插管后血压与诱导前比较均无明显变化,但心率变化两组相差较大。异丙酚组与诱导前相比心率显著增加(P<0.05);而七氟烷组心率较诱导前明显下降(P<0.05)。七氟烷组发生躁动率46.7%显著高于异丙酚组的20.0%(P<0.05)。两组均未见屏气、喉及支气管痉挛和恶心、呕吐等不良反应。结论两组在麻醉诱导的时间和有效性、安全性上无显著差异。但是异丙酚静脉诱导心率明显增快;七氟烷吸入诱导患儿躁动相对较多。
Objective The aim of this study was to compare inhalation of sevoflurane with intravenous propofol for anesthesia induction in pediatric surgery. Methods Thirty children patients who were to undergo selective operations were included in the study. Patients were randomly allocated to receive induction by inhalation of sevoflurane or intravenous propofol. BP, HR and SpO2 were recorded before induction of anesthesia, after induction, immediately after and one minute after tracheal intubation. Time to loss of consciousness as well as the restlessness, breathholding, laryngospasm, bronchiospasm,nausea and vomiting were also recorded. Results The time to loss of consciousness in the group of propofol and group of sevoflurane were 35.5 ± 11.7 s and 38.5 ± 11.4 s respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups. BPs after induction and tracheal intubation in both groups, which were compared with BP before induction, were no significant change. But the changes in HR were significantly different between two groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）. To compare with that before induction, HR in group of propofol was increased significandy （ P 〈0.05） ; while HR in group of sevoflurane showed a contrary change （ P 〈0.05）. Restlessness was more common during induction with sevoflurane than with propofol （46.7% vs. 20.0%, P 〈 0.05 ）. No incidence of breathholding, laryngospasm, broiachiospasm, nausea and vomiting was noted in both groups. Conclusion Both propofol and sevoflurane can be used effectively and safely for induction of anesthesia in pediatric surgery. But heart rate was increased during induction with propofol and excitatory movement was more common during induction with sevoflurane.
出处
《临床和实验医学杂志》
2008年第9期21-22,共2页
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
关键词
七氟烷
异丙酚
小儿
麻醉诱导
Sevoflurane
Propofol
Pediatric surgery
Induction of anesthesia
