摘要
通过《韩昌黎全集》的成语与《左传》、《庄子》成语的全面细致的比较分析,我们发现,第一,先秦成语以不对称结构为主,而韩愈成语却是以对称的联合式独占压倒优势,反映了汉语成语在发展过程中对结构的优化选择;第二,先秦成语大都出自典故,而韩愈成语的语义基本上脱离了对历史典故的依附性,并且有着丰富的修辞陪义,词义直观性强;第三,比喻、对比,尤其是互文、重说这两种辞格在韩愈成语中取得了绝对优势,反映了汉语成语对辞格的优化选择。韩愈成语诸方面的发展,从一个角度反映了仿古文言的语言讲求形式的平稳对称、语义的凝练生动和讲究修辞造词的语言特色,体现散文语言发展的高度成熟。
We find that there are several developments of Chinese idioms in The Complete Works of HanChangli through the comparison with the idioms in Zuo＇s History and Zhuangz.Firstly, the structure of idioms in Pre-Qin was mainly asymmetric, while symmetrical juxtaposition style of Han＇s idioms had overwhelming superiority, and it reflects structural optimization in the development of Chinese Idioms. Secondly, most of the idioms in pre-Qin came from historical stories, while Han＇s idioms ultimately got rid of the attachments to different historical stories, and developed strong independency, abundant rhetoric and intuitionistic meanings. Thirdly, imagery and contrast, especially text - mutuality and repetition,acquired overwhelming superiority, and it reflects rhetorical optimization of Chinese idioms. All the developments mentioned above indicate that the language of archaistic classical Chinese emphasized the smooth symmetrical form, the vivid concise semantic and rhetorical word - building, and the development of prose language was highly mature.
出处
《怀化学院学报》
2008年第9期89-93,共5页
Journal of Huaihua University
基金
湖南省教育厅课题"仿古文言语言研究"的成果之一
项目编号:05C697
关键词
语义发展
联合式
互文
优化选择
developments of semantics
juxtaposition style
text-mutuality
optimizing selections
