摘要
[目的]了解自杀者的分布特点、自杀方式和自杀原因,为筛选自杀高危人群和制订防治措施提供依据。[方法]调查、分析某科2005年03月～2007年02月救治的384例自杀病人的资料。[结果]384例自杀者男女比例为1︰2.15;年龄、性别分布以30岁以下女性最多占57.6%;婚姻状况分布以现婚女性所占比例最高,达56.1%;自杀有明显的季节性,多发生于夏季,其次为春季,高发时间为3月8日～8月25日;自杀方式以口服中毒为主,其次为割腕;导致自杀的前3位原因依次为夫妻感情不和(31.8%)、恋爱失败(21.1%)、本人重病或久病厌世(17.7%);60岁以上者死亡率最高为50.0%,农村地区死亡率较高达81.8%。[结论]30岁以下现婚女性和老年人、初等文化程度、居住地为农村地区、婚恋失败、家庭不和睦、重病和久病的人群容易在春夏两季采取口服中毒方式自杀。因此,关注弱势人群,完善社会保障体系,加强对农药和镇静催眠药的管理,对自杀高危人群积极进行心理疏导并增加社会支持量,可在一定程度上减少自杀的发生。
[ Objective ] To investigate the characteristics of the patients who commit suicide so as to bolting and provide prevention methods to suicidal high risk people. [Methods] The characteristics of 384 patients who committed suicide in China-Japan Union Hospital during March 2005 and February 2007 were analyzed. [Results] Gender ratio of the 384 patients who committed suicide was 1 ： 2.15 （male vs. female）. The, highest incidence rate of suicide existed below 30-year-old female, especially in married female. Suicides displayed seasonality, mainly concentrated during March 8th and August 25th.Those who committed suicide mainly through oral application poisons or drugs and wrist cutting came the next. The first three reasons leading to suicide were family contrary （31.8%）, fail in love （21.1%） and heavy illnesses （17.7%）. The fatality rate of suicide was 50.0% in above 60-year-old people and 81.8% in people living in rural areas. [Conclusion] People in group possess characters such as married female, aged people, junior educated, living in rural areas, fail in marriage and heavy ill patients, who tend to commit suicide in summer and autumn by oral application poisons and drugs. Accordingly, we need pay great attention to these people and enhance the management of pesticides and sedative hypnotics so as to reduce the incidence rate of suicide.
出处
《现代预防医学》
CAS
北大核心
2008年第19期3747-3749,共3页
Modern Preventive Medicine
关键词
自杀
流行病学
防治
Suicide
Epidemiology
Prevention
