摘要
科学知识社会学(SSK)在方法论上坚持自然主义、经验主义,其目的是为了发展出一种描述主义进路,从而能够对科学的"发现的语境"进行描述;然而,SSK在本体论上主张社会实在论,在认识论策略上主张有限论,这两者却又都是一种规范主义、本质主义的研究进路。这样,在SSK的理论内部,规范主义和描述主义的冲突就不可避免。SSK的解决方案是,放弃其方法论的经验进路,转向规范策略。而后SSK则以对科学实践的彻底描述为基础,消解了传统的社会决定论。
Sociology of Scientific Knowledge (SSK) tries to develop a descriptive approach by its methodology of naturalism and empiricism and then yield a description of the "context of discovery" of science; however, its standpoints on ontology (social reality) and on epistemology (finitism) entail an approach of normativism and essentialism. This is the paradox of SSK concerning descriptionism and normativism. The solution of SSK is to abandon the empirical approach and to turn to normativism. On the contrary, Post--SSK changes its framework from social determinism to the pure description of scientific practice.
出处
《自然辩证法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第10期23-27,共5页
Studies in Dialectics of Nature
基金
江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(CX08B-003R)
关键词
科学知识社会学
本体论
认识论
方法论
自然主义
经验主义
Sociology of Scientific Knowledge
ontology
epistemology
methodology
naturalism
empiricism