摘要
目的:为明确三峡悬棺葬主人与"僰人"在体质上有无共同特征及他们有无渊源关系。方法:按《人体测量手册》的方法测量白帝城博物馆藏三峡悬棺内的两具尸骨头颅92项线距、16项弦、弧、周长及26项角度,计算相应指数45项,着重观察两例头颅的颅型、面型、颌型、眶型、鼻型和腭型;观察非测量性状30项,并着重观察有无"打牙"现象;按Pearson公式计算两颅之脑容量;将观测结果同"僰人"及汉族人颅进行比较。结果:两颅的颅型、面颅测量值普遍大于"僰人"、壮族及汉族人颅;按颅长宽指数两颅均属中颅型、按颅长高指数1例属正颅型,另1例属高颅型,按颅宽高指数1例属中颅型另1例属狭颅型;按全面指数与上面指数两颅面型1例为中面与中上面型,另1例为阔面与阔上面型;按眶指数两例均属高眶型;按鼻指数则两例均属阔鼻型;按腭指数1例属狭腭型另1例属中腭型;按总面角两例均属中颌型、按中面角1例为平颌型1例为特平颌型、按齿槽面角则两例均属突颌型。结论:两颅的特征与汉族人颅相比相距颇远,与"僰人"较近,似可从一个侧面说明三峡悬棺葬主人与"僰人"同属"僚人",但三峡悬棺人颅未见越、濮、僚特有的"打牙"现象,又似不支持其族属为"僚人"的观点。现代西安人比起其它地域的汉族人与三峡悬棺人颅的特点更为接近,有没有可能提示他们在古代有比较亲近的关系,结合三峡悬棺人颅没有"打牙"表现,甚或可以表明三峡悬棺葬的主人有可能就是从甘陕顺汉水南下的廪君人,而非賨人或儴、蜑。
Objectives： To clarify whether the cliff coffin owners（CCO） at Three Gorge and bore any common physical characteristics with ＂Bo Ren＂ and had ties of origin.Methods： Following the Manual of Anthropometry, two skulls of the two skeletons in the cliff coffins kept in the museum of Baidi City were studied 92 items of linear distance,16 items of chord,arc and circumference,and 26 items of angle were measured,and 30 items of nonmeasuring characteristic, with emphasis on ＂tooth knocking out＂ were observed, and according to the Pearson formula,the brain capacity of the two skulls were calculated and compared the result with those of ＂Bo Ren＂ and Han people.Results： The values of measurement on cranionfacial and cranial parameters were generally higher than those of ＂Bo Ren＂ and Han people, and of the two skulls, both were of mesocrany in terms of cranial lengthbreadth index,and one was of orthocrany and the other of hypsicrany in terms of cranial length-height index, and one was of metriocrany and the other of acorcrany in terms of cranial breadth-height index,and one was of mesoprosopy and meseny, the other of euryprosopy and euryeny in terms of total facial index and uper facial index,and both were of hypsiconchy in terms of orbital index,and chamaerrhiny in terms of nasal index,and one was of leptostaphyliny,the other of mesostaphyliny in terms of palatal index,and both were mesognathous in terms of total profile angle,and one was ortheognathous,the other hyperorthognathous in terms of middle facial angle,and both were prognathous in terms of alveolar profile.Conclusion：The physical characteristics of the two skulls were considerably different from those of Han people with the exception of xi, an people, but with certain similarity to those of ＂Bo Ren＂ ,which seemed to indicate from one side that ＂Bo Ren＂ and the CCO had the same ＂Liao Ren＂ origin.However, since＂tooth knocking out＂ was the unique characteristic of Yue,Pu and Liao Ren its absence could be a clue to the ruling out of their ＂Liao Ren＂ orlgin.Moreover, Modem Xi＇an people are more similar to the CCO than Han people of other regions in cranial characteristics, there might be some possibility that they had close ties in ancient times. With the absence of ＂tooth knoking out＂ ,the CCO were possibly of Linjun Ren origin which went south along Han River from Gansu and Shanxi area, but not of Cong Ren. Rang ,or Yan Ren origin.
出处
《泸州医学院学报》
2008年第5期501-507,共7页
Journal of Luzhou Medical College
关键词
悬棺葬
崖葬
荧人
僚人
濮人
寅人
廪君人
Cliff Coffin
Bo Ren
Liao Ren/Pu Ren
Cong Ren
Linjun Ren
