摘要
本文研究了红土矿的微波加热浸出,采用X射线衍射分析和原子吸收分光光度法研究了红土矿物相和组成,主要物质为二氧化硅、蛇纹石和针铁矿,镍主要存在于蛇纹石及针铁矿中。研究了微波辐射加热条件下,红土矿的浸出过程。考察了微波辐射功率、H2SO4浓度、液固比、加热时间、铜离子浓度等因素对氧化镍矿浸出的影响,结果表明,镍、铁浸出率和反应体系的温度随着微波辐射功率的提高而增加;在微波功率为955 W,H2SO4浓度为0.90 mol/L,液固比为6∶1,反应时间40 min的条件下,镍的浸出率为99%,实验证明矿浆中少量的铜离子,即可起到较强的催化作用。以收缩未反应核模型为基础,建立了红土矿的微波浸出的动力学模型。对实验数据进行多相反应动力学处理,用1-2α/3-（1-α）2/3～t作图得到近似直线。
The leaching of The laterite by microwave methods was studied in the article. The constitution and components of the laterite were analyzed by XRD and atomic absorption method; It was found that the main components of the laterite were silicon dioxide , serpentine and goethite, and nickel existed in serpentine and goethite. The microwave leaching behavior of the laterite was investigated, such as the microwave radiation power , the concentration of leaching solution H2SO4, the ratio of liquid to solid , the time of heating, and the concentration of copper ions, ect. The result indicated that the leaching rate of nickel was much faster if heated by microwave radiation. The optimum leaching conditions were： microwave power is 955 W, sulfuric acid concentration is 0.90 mol/L, leaching time is 40 min, the ratio of liquid to solid is 6. The nickel extraction is 99%. The experiment indicated that a small quantity of copper ions just can displayed catalysis well. The leaching behavior has been modeled as a shrinking unreacted core （SUC）. Based on experimental data handing of polyphase reaction dynamics, approximate line was gained by drawing with 1-2α/3- （1-α）2/3-t.
出处
《有色矿冶》
2008年第5期21-24,共4页
Non-Ferrous Mining and Metallurgy
基金
国家自然科学基金:微波技术处理红土矿的应用基础研究
项目批准号:50774020
关键词
微波辐射
红土矿
微波浸出
浸出速率
microwave heating
nickel- bearing garnierite ore
leaching
traditional heating
leaching rate
