摘要
回顾了四川石斛资源的开发历史,四川石斛早在宋朝就有记载,过去资源十分丰富,而现在流失严重,已近枯竭.资源危机的原因有自身的生物学特性、生态环境的破坏以及长期的过度采挖等.讨论了保护石斛野生资源的意义.进一步介绍了作者在石斛保护生物学方面所开展的一些研究以及取得的阶段性工作进展.迄今为止,报道四川有野生石斛12种,附生在树上或岩石上,分布几乎遍及全川.本文首次报道万源有曲茎石斛,盐源有细茎石斛分布.共收集石斛野生资源15种,分别引自四川、云南、贵州等省份,同时开展了驯化和新品种选育,目前已筛选到2个优良株系.通过快速繁殖,已对石斛优质种源进行工厂化生产,并进行离体种质保存研究.药理实验结果表明,迭鞘石斛多糖具有降血糖和抗肿瘤作用.
The utilization of Dendrobium resources in Sichuan, China is reviewed and it can date from the Song Dynasty. Its wild resources were abundant in Sichuan in the past, but the losses of its wild resources are severe, and many of its species are found having been or to be extinct at present. The losses and extinction are caused by the unique biological traits of the plants themselves, and also by degradation of habitats and over collection of the plants. This paper also discusses the importance in conservation of those wild epiphyte plants, and introduces the studies on their biological conservation and research progresses made in recent years. Till now, Dendrobium is reported to have 12 wild species in Sichuan, which grow as epiphytes on trees or on rocks and occur almost in all the places of Sichuan. It is a new record that D. flexicaule Z. H. Tsi, S. C. Sun et L. G. Xu and D. moniliforme （L.） Sw. are found in Wanyuan and Yanyuan of Sichuan, respectively. 15 species of Dendrobium have been collected from Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. At the same time, acclimatization of Dendrobium has been studied and new varieties have been bred. Two good strains have been selected. Rapid propagation of Dendrobium has been done by tissue culture and in vitro germplasm storage of Dendrobium studied. Medicinal experiments suggested that 19. denneanum Kerr. polysaccharide has the effects of reducing blood glucose and inhibiting tumor.
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第5期710-715,共6页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
国家科技支撑计划(2006BAI06A11-10)
四川省科技支撑计划(07FG001-005)
四川省公益性研究计划(2008NG0007)
四川省“十一五”育种攻关项目(2006YZGG-12)~~
关键词
石斛
附生植物
野生资源
保护生物学
曲茎石斛
细茎石斛
Dendrobium
epiphyte
wild resource
conservation biology
D. flexicaule
D. moniliforme
