摘要
目的探讨会阴体长度及弹性评估在初产妇分娩中的应用效果,为减少分娩损伤、降低会阴侧切的盲目性提供依据。方法将320例足月初产妇随机分为观察组与对照组各160例,观察组分娩期测量会阴体长度及弹性,根据测量结果予以15°～40°、2～4cm长的左斜侧切或手法扩张产道。对照组以会阴后连线中点作为切口起点,采取角度≥45°、4～5cm长的左斜侧切法。结果两组产妇会阴侧切率、会阴裂伤程度比较,差异有显著性意义(均P<0.01)。会阴侧切切口出血量、产后不同时间会阴切口疼痛程度、会阴切口愈合情况、住院时间比较,观察组显著优于对照组(均P<0.01)。结论分娩期评估会阴体长度和弹性,可避免盲目行会阴切开术,有效维护初产妇分娩安全,有利于提高产妇产后生活质量。
Objective To explore the effect of measuring the length and elasticity of perineal body during delivery for primiparas, and to minimize delivery injury. Methods Totally 320 primiparas were equally randomized into a control group and an observation group. During cervical effacement of the fetus, the length and elasticity of perineal body of primiparas in the observation group were measured, and a left mediolateral episiotomy with an angle ranging from 15° to 40°, or manual dilation was given based on the results of the measurements. Primiparas in the control group were routinely given a left mediolateral episiotomy with an angle greater than 45°. Results There were significant differences in the rate of episiotomy, the severity of perineal tear, bleeding caused by episiotomy, severity of pain at the episiotomized site, wound healing, length of hospital stay between the two groups（P〈0.01 for all）. Conclusion Measuring length and elasticity of perineal body during delivery process helps medical professionals to discard the stereotype of episiotomy, guard the safety of birth and improve primiparas＇ quality of life.
关键词
初产妇
分娩
会阴体
弹性
会阴切开术
自然裂伤
primiparas
delivery
perineal body
elasticity
episiotomy
natural laceration
