摘要
通过野外定位观测和室内分析，探讨微域尺度（32m长的横截面）苏打盐溃土壤的性质以及水盐运移规律．结果表明：盐渍土地区在微域尺度上呈现盐化草甸土-浅位拄状碱土-白盖苏打碱土-中位柱状碱土的格局．苏打碱土分布在微坡地和高平地，其质地剖面结构为粉砂质亚黏土-黏土-粉砂-砂砾；盐化草甸土分布在相对低洼的部位，其质地以粉砂和砂砾结构为主．土壤理化性质的差异和微地貌特征影响盐渍土壤的水分-地下水之间的迁移转化．浅埋地下水的波动与大气降水在盐化草甸土水分的迁移转化密切相关，洼地（盐化草甸土）成为地表径流迁移汇集区．冻融积盐是松嫩平原土壤积盐的重要原因．冻融季节，盐化草句土成为潜水迁移的汇集区．大量的潜水迁移并贮存在盐化草甸土冻层（10～30cm土层的含水率高达50％以上），这可能是冬季地下水位急剧下降的一个重要原因．受冻结作用的影响，盐分自下而上在苏打碱土的冻层积聚，在消融期盐分迅速表聚使土壤表层的盐渍化程度加重．
Based on in-situ observation and analysis in laboratory, soil physical-chemical properties, water and salinity transportation feature in micro scale （a 32-m-long transect） were discussed. Results show that soil distribution pattern in saline soil area was sodic saline meadow soil-shallow columnar sodic alkaline soil-white crust sodic alkaline soil-mid columnar sodic alkaline soil. Sodic alkaline soil lay in micro slope or in micro high plain, and texture of which was silty sub slay slay-silt-gravel; saline meadow soil lay in the relative low basin, and the main component of which was silt and gravel. Soil physical-chemical properties and micro relief influenced water transportation between soil profile and shallow groundwater, Fluctuation of groundwater was pretty correlated with precipitation transportatioh in saline meadow soil profile. Shallow basin （sodic saline meadow soil） became run-off sink. Frozenthawing action was an important factor for soil salinity accumulation in Songnen plain. The frozen layer of sodic saline meadow soil became shallow aquifer sink in frozen period. A great deal of aquifer water transported and stored （soil water content was up to 50G） in frozen layer of saline meadow soil. And that might be an important reason for the shallow groundwater level abruptly descending during frozen season. Under the influence of freezing action, salinity transported from sub-layer to frozen layer of alkaline soil in surface and accumulated there. In thawing season, accumulation of salinity in surface aggravated saline degree.
出处
《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第6期669-676,共8页
Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences
基金
中国科学院知识创新重大资助项目(KZCX1-SW-19-02)
国家科技计划重点资助项目(2006BAC01A08)
关键词
微域格局
土壤盐渍化
冻融作用
micro scale pattern
soil salinization
action of frozen thawing
