摘要
木荷是一种优良的防火树种。该文通过对木荷林带与相邻易燃的马尾松林和杉木林进行比较,揭示了可燃物载量在群落垂直和水平结构上的分布以及易燃性等方面的差异,阐明了防火林带的阻火机理。在马尾松和杉木林分中,乔木层、灌木层和草本层水平和垂直分布的连续性均较好;而木荷林分的群落结构较单一,林内基本无草灌层,水平和垂直分布的连续性差。通过对可燃物的易燃性分析得出,马尾松和杉木林分难燃可燃物占总量的比例明显低于8年生以上木荷林分,而马尾松和杉木林分较易燃和较难燃可燃物占有比例明显高于木荷林分。通过对山脊和山腰处木荷、马尾松和杉木林的地表枯落物方差分析和频数统计得出:木荷林带与马尾松林、杉木林之间有显著差异;木荷林地表枯落物载量比马尾松和杉木林少很多,且水平分布不均匀。研究表明,木荷林带可燃物在连续性上呈间断分布,且林分难燃可燃物比例高,有利于森林阻火。
Schima superba is a good species for fire resistance. Through a comparison among S. superba forest belt and the neighboring flammable Pinus rnassoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata stands, the authors examined the differences of vertical and horizontal community structures and of spatial distribution of their combustible mass to identify the fire resistance mechanism. P. massoniana and C. lanceolata forest stands had continuous vertical and horizontal structures from arbor, bush to grass, but the S. superba forest stand had weak continuous vertical and horizontal structure and a relatively simple structure with less bush and grass. Flammability analysis of the combustible mass indicated that average percentage of hard-flammable mass in P. massoniana and C. lanceolata forest stands was obviously less than that in S. superba, of over 8-years age P. massoniana and C. lanceolata forest stands had higher percentages of easy-flammable and hard-flammable mass than S. superba stand. The variance analysis and frequency statistics of the surface litter on ridge and mountainside indicated that the differences between S. superba and P. rnassoniana or C. lanceolata forest stands were significant, and that S. superba had much less surface litter with unbalance horizontal distribution than P. massoniana and C. lanceolata forest stands. This research indicates that S. superba has higher percentages of hard- and very hard-flammable mass with interval distribution than other two selected forest stands, and benefits fire resistance.
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第6期99-106,共8页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金
浙江省林业厅重点招标项目(04A02)
杭州市科技局重大招标项目(20052112A11)
浙江林学院校科研启动基金项目(2351000795)
关键词
木荷
群落结构
可燃物
空间分布
阻火机理
Schima superba
community structure
combustible
spatial distribution
fire resistancemechanism
