摘要
为探讨氨气对肉鸡生产性能、血常规指标和腹水症发生率的影响。试验选择240只1日龄AA肉公鸡,随机分成4个处理组,每个处理组设6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。各处理组试验肉鸡分别饲养在4个独立的、但环境可控制的实验舱内。4个环控仓氨气浓度设计:0～3周龄分别为0、13、26mg/kg和52mg/kg;3～6周龄分别依次调整为0、26、52mg/kg和80mg/kg。结果表明:氨气浓度对0～3周龄肉鸡的日增重、日采食量和死亡率均无显著影响(P>0.05),但52mg/kg氨气组可显著降低饲料转化效率(P<0.05);在3～6周龄,80mg/kg氨气组可显著降低肉鸡的日增重和日采食量(P<0.05),饲料转化率和死亡率在数值上随氨气浓度的提高有上升趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。氨气浓度对3周龄和6周龄肉鸡血常规,6周龄肉鸡心脏指数和腹水发生率均无显著影响(P>0.05),但红细胞数量、红细胞压积和红细胞平均体积随氨气浓度的提高在数量上有所增加。高浓度氨气(80mg/kg)有诱导肉鸡腹水症发生的趋势。综合考虑氨气浓度和肉鸡生产性能变化趋势,现代肉鸡在0～3周龄舍内氨气浓度应不超过13mg/kg,在3～6周龄氨气浓度应不超过20mg/kg。
Two hundred and forty male commercial AA broilers at 1 day of age were randomly allotted to one of four treatments with six pens per treatment and ten broilers per pen to study the effect of atmospheric ammonia on growth performance, hematological parameters and ascites syndrome incidences in broilers. Each treatment was placed in an separated, environmentally controlled chamber （four chambers）. Anhydrous ammonia was metered continuously into 6 of the chambers to maintain 24-h levels of 13, 26 mg/kg or 52 mg/kg ammonia from 0 to 3 week. At 22 day of age, ammonia concentration in all chambers was adjusted in turn to 20, 40 mg/kg or 80 mg/kg and maintained until 6 weeks of age. No ammonia was added to the remaining chamber to maintain near 0 mg/kg （Control）. The results showed that during 0 to 3 week, although ammonia did not significantly affect ADG, ADFI or mortality（P 〉 0.05）, feed conversion ratio of the 52 mg/kg levels was increased significantly （P 〈 0.05） compared with the control. During 3 to 6 week, ADG and ADFI were numberically poorer at the increased levels of ammonia concentration, and the 80 mg/kg ammonia connection significantly decreased ADG and ADFI （P 〈 0.05）. Although ammonia concentration had no significant effect on feed conversion ratio or mortality （P 〉 0.05）, there was an increased trend for feed conversion ratio and mortality with the increased levels of ammonia concentration during 3 to 6 week. Our research also observed that ammonia had no significant effect on hematological parameters, heart to body weight index and ascites syndrome incidences （P 〉 0.05）. However, the 80 mg/kg ammonia had a higher aseites syndrome incidences compared with the other groups. Taking into accout of the ammonia concentration and growth performance, the suitable ammonia concentration should be under 13 mg/kg during 0 to 3 week and under 20 mg/kg during 3 to 6 week for broiler production and health.
出处
《中国畜牧杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2008年第23期46-49,共4页
Chinese Journal of Animal Science
基金
国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD14B06-4)
关键词
氨气
生产性能
血常规
腹水症
肉鸡
ammonia
performance
hematological parameters
ascites syndrome
broilers
