摘要
目的:探讨影响农村老年人生命质量的因素,分析影响因素之间的相互作用。方法:在本横断面研究中,采取分层随机抽样,选取村内常住人口中60岁以上、无严重精神问题及听力障碍的老年人451人(年龄60～92岁)。用简明健康状况量表测量其生命质量,用AMOS5.0对其影响因素进行路径分析。结果:451名农村老年人生命质量评分为78.5±15.4;男性生命质量评分高于女性[(81.2±13.0)vs.(77.5±16.3),P=0.003];在年龄上,随着增龄生命质量评分降低[(82.2±13.3)vs.(77.0±16.0)vs.(71.4±16.4),P<0.001];家庭收入越高、家庭关系越和睦、日常生活能力越好、生活满意度越高其生命质量评分越高(如,生活满意度:低66.1±16.7,中79.2±12.9、高86.7±10.4,P<0.001)。路径分析显示:日常生活能力和生活满意度直接影响其生命质量(路径系数分别为0.283和0.252),慢性病和家庭关系既有直接影响作用(路径系数分别为-0.238和0.139),还通过日常生活能力和生活满意度产生间接作用(作用大小为-0.090和0.105)。年龄和性别通过影响日常生活能力产生间接作用(作用大小为-0.120和-0.038)。结论:日常生活能力和生活满意度是影响农村老年人的生命质量最直接、最重要的因素。慢性病患病情况、家庭关系、年龄和性别是影响农村老年人生命质量的间接因素。提示有关部门应有重点、有层次地制定老年卫生保健政策,从而提高农村老年人的生命质量。
Objective： To explore the related factors of quality of life （QOL） among rural elderly population in Shandong Province and explore the relationship among these factors. Methods： In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 451 elderly peple （ aged from 60 to 92, without hearing or mental problems） was selected by a stratified cluster random sampling method. The 36-item Short Form Health Survey （SF-36） was used to measure QOL, and the AMOS 5.0 was used to carry out path analysis. Results： The QOL average score of all subjects was （78. 5 ± 15.4） ; QOL scores of males was higher than that of females [ （81.2 ± 13.0） vs. （77.5 ± 16. 3 ） , P =0. 003] . There was a significant decrease of the QOL score with increasing age [ 60 - 69 years, （ 82.2 ± 13.3 ） ; 70 - 79 years, （ 77.0 ± 16. 0 ） ; 80 years, [71.4 ± 16. 4） ; P 〈0. 001 ] ; the better the income status, family relationship, activity of daily living and life satisfaction were, the higher QOL scores were [such as life satisfaction： low, （66. 1 ± 16. 7） ; middle, （79.2 ± 12.9 ） ; high, （ 86.7 ± 10.4） ; P 〈 0. 001 ] . Path analysis showed that ability of daily living and life satisfaction affected QOL directly （ the path coefficient were 0. 283 and 0. 252 ） ; chronic disease and family relationship not only affected QOL directly （ the path coefficient were -0. 238 and 0. 139）, but also affected QOL indirectly by affecting activity of daily living and life satisfaction, the effect values were - 0. 090 and 0. 105 ; age and gender affected QOL indirectly by affecting activity of daily living, the effect values were -0. 120 and -0. 038. Conclusion： Activity of daily living and life satisfaetian are the most direct and important factors which can affect QOL of rural elderly people. Chronic disease, family relationship, age and gender are indireet factors. The results indicate that relevant departments should develop proper health care policy for the elderly to improve their QOL
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第12期908-912,共5页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
关键词
生命质量
路径分析
农村
老年人
影响因素
横断面研究
quality of life
path analysis
rural area
elderly people
related factors
cross-sectional study
