摘要
介绍了由道路交通事故引发的地表水污染事故风险定量分析方法,重点分析了突发水污染事故源发生概率和危害后果表征方法。以评价水域内道路危险品运输泄漏事故发生概率为水污染事故源发生概率。污染事故后果危害水平的表征:1)敏感区(点)最高浓度;2)敏感区(点)超标总历时;3)水质超标的范围(如超标河流长度)。评估方法为陆源造成的突发水污染事故的预防管理与应急计划的制订实施提供了科学依据。
This paper is aimed to introduce some ways of assessing water pollution hazards led by the leakage or splashing of hazard materials on the road transportation. Such goods under transportation may include liquids under traffic in tanks or barrels, or hazardous freight packed in individual containers as part wagon loads. For any type of spill, the estimation has to be done with their pollution risks （and the consequential damage） likely to be brought to the quality of the water in the local. The frequency calculation demands information about the vehicular flow of special types and the actual loads, their accident rate and the probability that an average accident may result in the spill with the accident rates on different roads also taken into consideration. What is more important, the accidents should be further characterized by： （1） the peak concentration of a special reach （2） the length of time required for the contaminant plume to pass a point in the river （3） the length of the contaminant plume. To assess such consequential damage to the aquatic environment, the size and importance of the polluted water should also be included. Due to the complicated nature of the topic, this paper can just serve as an outline of the subject calling for more thorough studies. However, it is still a valuable practice, when determining the priorities for the sake of water source protection, selection and optimization of the traffic route selection.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
2008年第6期140-143,共4页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
“十一五”科技支撑计划课题(200603746006)
关键词
安全工程
交通事故
水污染事故
风险评估
safety engineering
road transport accident
water poilution accident
risk assessment
