摘要
元代安徽地区的官田和民田多得到了有效开发与利用。官田主要用于充当职田、屯田、赐田、草场、牧地等,占有主体为封建国家。在官田中,屯田最发达,分布广,延续时间长,在全国具有重要地位。民田占有主体为官僚地主、一般富户地主、宗族地主、自耕农、民办学校、寺院等,呈现多元化特征。在民田中,族田、学田较发达,地域特色明显。在官、民田中,租佃制经营方式十分流行,地租形态以实物地租为主,也存在货币地租,但不普遍。
The government lands and civil lands had been exploited and utilized as fully as possible in the Anhui areas during the Yuan Dynasty. The government lands occupied by the feudal regime were often used as official＇ s salary, opening up wasteland and growing food grain, bestowing on nobles and officials, grazing land. Opening up wasteland and growing food grain, which was flourishing and widely dispersed, lasted for a long time and made a strong impact. The civil lands occupied by the bureaucrat landlords, well-to-do landlords, patriarchal clan landlords, land-holding peasants, schools run by the local people, temples, etc. had a lot of types. Lands occupied by the patriarchal clans and the schools, which were flourishing, had some regional features. Tenancy system was very popular in both the government lands and civil lands. Rent in kind was pri-mary and money rent was secondary in the form of government and civil land rent.
出处
《中国农史》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第4期66-75,共10页
Agricultural History of China
基金
国家社科基金<明清徽州宗族与乡村社会控制研究>项目(编号:07CZS009)
关键词
元代
安徽
土地开发与利用
经营方式
地租形态
Yuan Dynasty
Anhui areas
land exploitation and utilization
tenancy system
the form of land rent
