摘要
寻求行之有效的盐渍化土壤改良措施,对于农业可持续发展具有重要理论和实践意义。采用盆栽试验,探讨了施用硫磺和喷施ALA对碱性盐土上冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)和玉米(Zeamays L.)幼苗生长发育及土壤性质变化的影响。结果表明,无论施用石膏、硫磺还是喷施ALA,对于小麦生长均有明显促进作用,其中硫磺效果更为明显;施用硫磺显著提高了后一茬玉米的出苗率,同时土壤中SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+含量显著增加,但施硫降低土壤pH的作用较为有限;而施用ALA对土壤pH和盐分均无明显影响。这表明施加硫磺可以使盐渍化土壤的性质发生明显改变;ALA的效果则必须在作物苗期生长良好的前提下,通过提高作物自身的抗盐性来实现。
The development of sustainable agriculture requires increased theoretical and practical knowledge about how to ameliorate saline soils. The objective of these short-term pot experiments was to investigate the effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid （ALA） and sulfur on soil properties and on the growth and development of winter wheat and maize. The experiment consisted of six treatments （1） sulfur added to the soil; （2） gypsum added to the soil; （3） ALA added to the soil; （4） foliar application of ALA to wheat and maize seedlings; （5） control 1 （NPK fertilizer）; and （6） control 2 （unfertilized）. The results showed that the application of sulfur and gypsum to soil and the foliar application of ALA to wheat plants all had significant effects on winter wheat growth in saline soils. Among these treatments, the addition of sulfur to the soil had the greatest effect on wheat seedling growth. Sulfur also promoted the germination of maize seeds which were planted after wheat harvest. The addition of sulfur increased the SO4^2-, Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋ content of the soil. In particular, the soil SO4^2- content increased as the amount of sulfur added to the soil increased. Soil pH declined nearly to 7.8 and then leveled out as more sulfur was added to the soil. We postulated that the transformation of sulfur in the soil was related to interaction between sulfur bacteria and sulfur. The foliar application of ALA had no significant effect on soil pH or salinity. In conclusion, the addition of sulfur had a significant effect on soil salinity and alkalinity. In contrast, the benefits of foliar ALA applications were primarily related to increased salt tolerance in seedlings which promoted seedling growth.
出处
《生态环境》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第6期2407-2412,共6页
Ecology and Environmnet
基金
日本Cosmo石油株式会社与西北农林科技大学合作课题“中国黄土高原土壤改良”及教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(2006)资助
