摘要
目的探讨西安市南郊地区妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素及有关因素对妊娠结局的影响。方法选取2006年4月至12月间西安交通大学第一附属医院等4家医院门诊行50g葡萄糖负荷试验的孕妇，按统一设计的调查表通过问诊进行调查，随访妊娠经过及产科结局。按年龄、身高、孕前体重、孕产史等因素进行统计分析，探讨这些因素对糖耐量异常、妊娠结局的影响。结果①西安市南郊地区妊娠期糖尿病发病率为1．18％，妊娠糖耐量减低的发病率为2．27％；②糖耐量异常组与正常组相比，年龄、孕前体重和孕前身体质量指数有显著性差异（t分别为3．501、4．856、5．365，均P〈0．01），糖耐量异常组均高于正常组；③对妊娠结局有关危险因素进行分析，手术产率随年龄大、孕前身体质量指数高、孕期增重而增加，经比较有显著性差异（矿分别为63．656、36．390、22．204，均P〈0．01），而孕前身体质量指数≥24kg／m2、孕期增重≥18kg、孕妇年龄≥30岁时巨大儿的发生率增加，经比较有显著性差异（X2分别为4．351、7．373、6．303，均P〈0．05）。结论①妊娠期糖尿病发病率在西安市南郊地区比在中国其他地区略低，妊娠糖耐量减低的发病率高于妊娠期糖尿病；②孕前体重、孕前身体质量指数、年龄是妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素；③年龄和孕前身体质量指数、孕期增重是巨大儿、手术产的危险因素。
Objective To investigate risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） in south suburb region of Xi＇ an city and study influence of these risk factors on pregnancy outcomes. Methods All women who received 50g glucose loading tests in clinics of four hospitals in south suburb of Xi＇ an city including The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi＇ an Jiaotong University over a period from April to December of 2006 were investigated with an identical questionnaire and were followed up for pregnancy process and obstetric outcome. Related factors such as age, body height, pregestational body weight, pregnancy and parturiation histories of the pregnant woman were analyzed by SPSS to reveal influence of these risk factors on glucose tolerance abnormality and pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with GDM. Results （1）The prevalence rate of GDM in the south suburb region of Xi＇ an city was 1.18%. The prevalence rate of gestational impaired glucose tolerance （GIGT） was 2. 27% ; （2） As compared with normal control group, age, pregestational body weight, and pregestational BMI of the pregnant woman in abnormal OGTr group were older and higher, and the differences were significant （ t = 3. 501, 4.856, 5. 365 respectively, all P 〈 0.01 ） ; （3）The analysis of risk factors associated with pregnancy outcomes showed that rate of cesarean section was increased with increases in age, pregestational BMI and body weight of the pregnant women （X2 = 63. 656, 36.390, 22. 204 respectively, all P 〈0.01 ）. When pregestational BMI was ≥24kg/m2, body weight gain during pregnancy was ≥18kg and age of the pregnant woman was≥30 years old, the incidence of macrosomia increased （X2 = 4. 351, 7. 373, 6. 303 respectively, all P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion （1）The prevalence rate of GDM in the south subub region of Xi＇ an city is slightly lower than that in other regions of China, and the prevalence of GIGT is higher than that of GDM ; （2）The pregestational body weight and BMI and age of pregnant woman are risk factors of GDM ; （3）Age, pregestational BMI and body weight gain during pregnancy are risk factors of cesarean section and macrosomia.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2009年第1期47-49,共3页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
关键词
妊娠期糖尿病
糖筛查
危险因素
妊娠结局
gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）
glucose tolerance screening
risk factor
pregnancy outcome
