摘要
[目的]探究不同氮磷钾施肥用量对油菜产量和效益的影响,为油菜大田生产实施精准施肥提供科学依据。[方法]按照测土配方施肥"3414"回归最优设计原理,设置14个不同氮磷钾施肥组合的油菜田间试验,运用数学模型对试验结果进行分析研究,找出最佳施肥配方。[结果]用三元二次方程拟合,结果氮磷钾最佳施肥量为:纯N222.0 kg/hm2,P2O563.0 kg/hm2,K2O79.5 kg/hm2,总用肥量364.5 kg/hm2,最佳产量为2 320.5 kg/hm2。用一元二次方程拟合,结果氮磷钾最佳施肥量为:纯N240.1 kg/hm2,P2O557.0 kg/hm2,K2O81.0 kg/hm2。通过对产量和经济效益进行比较,结果施纯N180.0 kg/hm2,P2O560.0 kg/hm2,K2O90.0 kg/hm2(处理6)为最佳施肥配方组合。[结论]结合当地油菜生产实际,综合分析认为,最佳氮磷钾施肥推荐用量应分别定为:纯N180.0 kg/hm2,P2O567.5kg/hm2,K2O82.5 kg/hm2,总用肥量330.0 kg/hm2,三要素比大致为1.00∶0.38∶0.49,可能获得的产量为2 325.0 kg/hm2左右。
[ Objective ] The research aimed to study the effects of different fertilizer formula of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the rape output and benefit, provide the scientific basis for the rape big area production. [ Method] According to design of ＂3414＂ the most superior return principle, 14 different fertilizer level combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were design to apply in rape. The mathematical model to the test result was established to discover the best formula applying fertilizer. [ Result] The results of using three Yuan quadratic equation to fit showed that the best fertilizer formula of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was： Pure N 222.0 kg/hm^2 , P2O5 63.0 kg/hm^2 , K2O 79.5 kg/hm^2 , the total amount was 364.5 kg/hm^2, the best output was 2 320.5 kg/hm^2. The results of using a Yuan quadratic equation of fit showed that the best fertilizer formula of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was ： Pure N 240.1 kg/hm^2, P2O5 57.0 kg/hm^2 , K2O 81.0 kg/hm^2. Comparing to the output and the economic efficiency, the best formula combination was：Pure N 180.0 kg/hm^2, P2O5 60.0 kg/hm^2, K2O 90.0 kg/hm^2. [ Conclusion] According to the local rape big field production, the synthesis analysis decided that the best recommendation formula combination should he ： Pure N 180.0 kg/hm^2, P2O5 67.5 kg/hm^2, K2O 82.5 kg/hm^2, the total amounts is 330.0 kg/hm^2, three elements proportion is 1.00：0.38：0.49, the output is about 2 325.0 kg/hm^2.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2008年第35期15584-15586,15646,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
关键词
油菜
肥效试验
施肥配方
产量
效益
推荐施肥量
Rape
Fertilizer effectiveness experiment
The applies fertilizer formula
Output
Benefit
Recommendation fertilizer quantity
