摘要
以半干旱区主要农作物春小麦为研究对象，扩展了Ｈｕｔｃｈｉｎｓｏｎ的ｎ维超体积的生态位概念，给出生态位适宜度的数学定义，即定义生态位适宜度为生物种的现实资源位与最适生态位之间的贴近度．并利用几何贴近度的概念，建立了作物生态位适宜度的一种新模型．依据水肥调控试验结果所作计算表明：在水分梯度上随着土壤水分含量的增加，作物生态位适宜度值呈上升趋势；旱地适量施肥和播种后地膜覆盖都具有增加其适宜度的效应，采用地膜覆盖２０ｄ和４０ｄ，作物适宜度值分别增加６．５％和１２．６％，作物产量增加１０％和１８．５％；
By taking spring wheat, a main crop in semi arid regions of P.R.China, as the object, Hutchinsons niche concept of n dimensional supervolume is extendsed, and the concept of niche fitness is defined mathematically. The niche fitness degree refers to the closerness between the species actual resource state and the optimum niche. In addition, a new model of niche fitness is established by using the closeness degree between species actual resource state and the optimum niche. The results obtained from water fertilizer regulation experiment show that the optimum niche values tend to increase with the increase of soil water contents on the water gradient. Both moderate fertilizing in arid fields and plastic film covering after sowing have the effect of increasing fitness. The values of crops niche fitness degree are increased by 6.5% and 12.6% respectively, and their yields by 10% and 18.5% after 20 d and 40 d plastic film covering. The grain yield of the spring wheat is remarkably interrelated with the fitness values.
出处
《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第1期100-105,共6页
Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)
基金
国家"九五"攻关项目
国家干旱农业生态重点实验室资助
