摘要
通过将单个调查点的OD调查抽象成0-1分布,分析了单个OD调查点调查精度要求、抽样率与调查点断面OD量本身特性之间的关系,研究了在简单随机抽样情况下单个OD调查点抽样率的确定方法,给出了一定精度要求下的OD调查抽样率的推荐值,还比较了不同的抽样方法的抽样效率。结果表明:抽样率随着车流量的增大而减小,样本量则随着车流量的增大而增大,但当车流量足够大时,样本量将不再随着车流量的变化而变化;要求的置信水平越高,精度越高,抽样率越高,样本量也就越大;某一OD点对之间的量占的比例越大,满足该分布所需要的样本量越小;整群抽样的效率通常要比车牌号抽样和等距抽样的效率低,而分层抽样的效率则反之。
Through abstracting the single spot＇s OD survey into 0-1 distribution, the relation between the demanded precision and sampling rate of single survey spot and characteristic of OD value through this spot＇s section is analyzed. The way to ascertain the single survey spot＇s sampling rate in the condition of simple random sample is researched, the recommended values of OD survey＇s sampling rate in certain precision need are offered, and the sampling efficiencies of different sampling methods are compared. The results show that： the sampling rate would be higher while the traffic volume get down, the sample size would he increased when the traffic volume is higher; but when the traffic volume is high enough, the sample size will be constant, the sample size would be bigger while the desired confidence level, the precision level and the sample rate are higher; the proportion of the volume from a pair OD spots is bigger, the sample size satisfied with the distribution is less; through comparing the efficiency of four sampling methods, the efficiency of delaminating sampling is the highest and the efficiency of whole sampling is the lowest among the vehicle brand sampling, the isometric sampling, the delaminating sampling and the whole sampling. 5 tabs, 2 figs, 10 refs.
出处
《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第1期69-73,87,共6页
Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
交通部应用基础研究项目(2006312812120)
关键词
交通工程
交通量
OD调查
抽样方法
抽样率
O-1分布
traffic engineering
traffic volume
OD survey
sampling method
sampling rate
0-1 distribution
