摘要
目的探讨目平湖洲滩钉螺的消长及影响因素,为控制或消灭钉螺提供科学依据。方法选择目平湖五一村垸外洲滩为试点,收集当地2002～2007年的气象、水位资料,现场观察各年度的钉螺分布、消长及环境变化情况,分析钉螺分布的特点及其与气象、水位、环境变化的关系。结果钉螺分布服从负二项分布,活螺平均密度和年降雨量有显著相关关系(r=0.822,P<0.01),其回归方程为Y活螺密度=-24.552+0.066X降雨量。2003～2005年,各年度气温、湿度、降雨量和日照时间无明显变化,钉螺密度无显著性差异(P>0.05)。2006年气温、湿度、日照时间与2003～2005年无明显差异(P>0.05),但降雨量减少(3、8～9月)、水位明显下降(8～11月);同时,2005年洲滩进行了开沟抬垅、封洲植树等人工改造,2006年开始钉螺密度显著下降、钉螺死亡率明显上升(P<0.01)。结论目平湖(西洞庭湖)每年的气温、湿度、日照时间相对稳定,影响本地洲滩钉螺分布及消长的主要因素是降雨量和地理环境变化。
Objective To understand factors influencing decreasing and increasing of snails in the grass beaches in Muping Lake so as to provide basis for snail control. Methods The grass beach outside dike of Wuyi village in Muping lake was chosen for a pilot, The local information of meteorology （temperature, rainfall, humidity, sunlight hours, etc） and waterline from 2002 to 2007 were collected. The snail distribution and environmental change were surveyed from 2003 to 2007, its correlation with temperature, rainfall and waterline were analysed. Results The snail distribution in the grass beach showed negative binomial distribution. The mean density of alive snails was significantly correlated with annual rainfall （r=-0.822,P〈0.O1）, the regression equation was Y=-24.552＋0.066X1（Y=mean density of alive snails, X,=annual rainfall）, there were no significant difference among the years from 2003 to 2005 in the annum average temperature, humidity, total rainfall and sunlight hours , so did the densities of snails （P〉0.05）. The annual average temperature, humidity and sunlight hours in 2006 was similar to that of from 2003 to 2005（P〉0.05）, but the rainfall was less （during March and August to September） and the waterline dechned obviously （during the August to November）. Further, the grass beach was trenched, the ridges raised and trees planted , and the results showed that the density of snails was reduced significantly and the mortality of snails had increased significantly （P〈0.01）. Conclusions The annual temperature, humidity and sunlight hours are relatively stable from year to year in Muping Lake （West Dongting Lake）, the key impact factors on snail distrbution and change of status are rainfall and the change of geographical environment.
出处
《中国热带医学》
CAS
2009年第3期432-434,475,共4页
China Tropical Medicine
基金
美国国立卫生研究院热带病医学研究中心资助项目(No2P50AI39461-06A1)
湖南省项目组部分研究内容
关键词
钉螺消长
影响因素
洲滩
Muping Lake
Snail distrbution
Influencing factors
Grass beach
