摘要
淮河流域地处南北气候的过渡地带,主汛期降水变率大,旱涝灾害频繁。利用淮河流域126个地面气象站降水资料,采用EOF分解、线性变化趋势、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法,对主汛期降水的时空分布特征、典型旱涝年降水特征以及"旱涝急转"气候特征进行了分析。结果表明:淮河流域主汛期的降水量空间分布呈现南部多于北部、山区多于平原、近海多于内陆的特征,并且旱、涝均主要是以南部为主发生;降水量有明显的年际变化特点,尤其是最近10a的年际变率在增大,集中强降水主要出现在7月上旬;淮河流域"旱涝急转"现象频繁发生,尤其是2000年以来频次显著增多,对农业生产造成严重不利影响。
Huaihe River Basin locates in the north and south climate transition belt in China. The change rate of the inter-annual precipitation is obvious, and the flood-drought disaster occurs frequently in main flood season. Based on the precipitation data of 126 meteorological stations, the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of the precipitation, the precipitation variations in typical dry-flood years and the phenomenon of drought-flood abrupt alternation during the main flood season in Huaihe River Basin were analyzed, by using EOF, linear-trend estimate and Mann-Kendall catastrophe test. The results indicated that the spatial distribution of the precipitation showed that there were more precipitation in the South, mountain areas and inshore areas, compared to the North, plain and inland. The drought and flood mainly occurred in the South. The inter-annual variation of precipitation was also significant, especially in the lately decade. The concentrating heavy rain mainly occurred in the first ten days of July. The phenomenon of drought-flood abrupt alternation frequently occurred. Its frequency had obviously increased since 2000.
出处
《中国农业气象》
CSCD
2009年第1期31-34,共4页
Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology
基金
中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF2007-21)
关键词
淮河流域
降水气候特征
旱涝急转
Huaihe River Basin
Climate Characteristics of precipitation
Drought-flood abrupt alternation
