摘要
文章总结了我国抗生素发展的历史、临床应用前景及治疗策略。随着青霉素问世后的临床广泛应用，细菌耐药酶逐渐出现，青霉素的治疗效果在减退，因此出现了新的不同化学结构的强力抗生素，如；头孢菌素类（第1、2、3、4代）、青霉素＋β-内酰胺类、大环内酯类、喹诺酮类、氨基糖苷类等。但是随着抗生素的使用在达到抗菌效果的同时，出现了许多可造成机体损害的毒副作用。作者强调指出要针对病人的病原学诊断、所使用抗生素的毒副作用以及长期应用抗生素所造成的菌群交替现象，合理选择、使用抗生素。
The paper presented a summary of history of antibiotics development, prospects for its clinical application and therapeutic strategies. Since the discovery of penicillin, it has been wildly utilized clinically, Meanwhile, in bacteria drug-resistance enzyme gradually developed with a declined response to it.Therefore, come out new and more powerful with different chemical structures anti-biotics, for instance,cephalosporins(Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅵ), penicillin plus β-lactam anti-biotics, macrolides, 4-quinolones and aminoglycosides. On the other hand, alongwith the clinical application of anti-biotic therapy, some side effects occur, which would result in damages to human body. The auther here emphasized that selection of antibiotics should be in accordance with the etiological diagnosis. And the followings should also be considered,side effects of favorable antibiotics and flora imbalance due to long-term application of it. Rational se-lection and rational use of antibiotics should be done.
出处
《临床误诊误治》
1998年第2期65-67,共3页
Clinical Misdiagnosis & Mistherapy
关键词
呼吸道感染
药物疗法
抗生素类
头孢菌素
青霉素
Respiratory tract infection/drug therapy,Antobiotics/therapeutic application,Cephalosporins/therapeutic application,Penicilins/therapeutic application, Antibiotics/side effect
