摘要
介绍了自然沉降法、离心沉降法、过滤法、垂直沉积法、蒸发自组装法、物理限制法和电泳沉积法等各种胶体晶体自组装方法,重点介绍了采用浸渍法和纳米晶体共沉积法对胶体晶体模板进行填充的工艺以及除去胶体晶体模板获得三维有序大孔(3DOM)材料的方法,探讨了3DOM材料结构组分、孔壁结构、层次孔隙和微球形态等控制因素对孔结构的影响,论述了3DOM材料在各领域的最新应用进展,指出了目前3DOM材料的研究重点和有待解决的问题,并展望了可能的发展趋势。
Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous （3DOM） materials prepared by colloidal crystal templating metbod have attracted intense interests in recent years. These materials were applied in many fields, namely photonic crystal, catalyst, electrode, sensor, magnetic material, etc.. The various methods for self-assembling of monodispersed microsphere into colloidal crystal, including gravitational sedimentation, centrifugal sedimentation, filtration, vertical deposition, evaporation selfassembling, physical confinement, and electrophoretic deposition, were introduced. The filling processes of colloidal crystal templates carried out by infiltrating with precursor and codepositing of templating spheres and nanoparticle were described. The effects of composition control, wall structure, hierarchical porosity and morphology of monodispersed microspheres on porous structure of 3DOM materials were also discussed. The potential applications of these materials and likely future trends in the field were stated.
出处
《石油化工》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第3期335-343,共9页
Petrochemical Technology
基金
安徽省高等学校青年教师科研资助计划项目(2006jql031)
安徽省高校省级自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2009A0032)
关键词
三维有序大孔材料
胶体晶体
自组装
模板法
three-dimensionally ordered macroporous material
colloid crystal
self-assembly
templating method
