摘要
目的探讨神经修复学学科体系中的若干核心问题。方法回顾神经修复学领域的发展历程和重要科研成果,进行规律性总结、科学技术哲学归纳以及理论性升华。结果提出学科体系架构如下:①神经修复学学科的基本是一门研究神经再生、神经结构修补或替代、神经重塑、神经调控的神经科学亚学科,核心目标是促使神经退行性变疾病和各类损害所致功能缺失的神经功能恢复。②神经修复学学科的"一个中心"和"两个基本点":以修复神经功能为研究的中心,基础神经修复和临床神经修复为两个基本点。③神经修复学学科体系的四大理论基础:有限修复论、重新学习论、储备下降论、终生巩固论。④神经修复学的"五驾马车(5N法则)":神经再生、神经修补、神经重塑、神经调控、神经康复。广义的概念还包括神经保护。⑤神经修复四部曲(四阶梯)理论:结构神经修复、信号神经修复、康复神经修复、功能神经修复。⑥神经修复基础成果向临床应用的转化条件。结论神经修复学是一门新学科,具有广阔的发展前景,将极大促进基础与临床的紧密结合和快速转化。
Objective To elucidate the new concept and theory of neurorestoratology. Methods With the review of the development course and important research works in theffeld of neurorestoratology during the 20th century,especially recent 30 years,the regularity summary,science and technology philosophy induction,and theory distillation were carried out in this article. Results The new discipline system was brought forward as follows: ① De nition: neurorestoratology was a sub-discipline of neuroscience which studies neural regeneration,neural structural repair of replacement,neruroplasticity and neuromodulation. The core purpose was to promote neural functional recovery of all neural degenerative diseases and damages. ②One central task and two basic points: to recover neurological function was the central research task all the time and the two basic points were the preclinical (basic) neurorestoration and the clinical neurorestoration. ③ Four rationale of the discipline: limited renovation,relearning,insu cient reserve,and lifelong reinforcement. ④ Five major factors of neurorestoratology (5N’s dogma): neuroregeneration,neurorepair,neuroplasticity,neuromodulation,neurorehabilitation. "Neuroprotection" appeared to be included in the broad de nition. ⑤ Four-step rule of neurorestoratology: structural neurorestoration,signal neurorestoration,rehabilitative neurorestoration,and functional neurorestoration. ⑥ Emphasize that translational medicine from lab to bed in neurorestoration. Conclusion The discipline of neurorestoratology has the vast development prospect and will be sure to increase the rapid progress of the basic and clinical restorative neuroscience.
出处
《中国修复重建外科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第3期366-370,共5页
Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery
关键词
神经修复学
理论
再生
重塑
神经康复
神经调控
Neurorestoratology Theory Regeneration Plasticity Neurorehabilitation Neuromodulation