摘要
超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的发现,为氧代谢的研究开创了新的局面。氧自由基被认为是机体重要的信号分子,参与了多种信号途径,与多种疾病的发生发展相关。SOD作为机体最重要的抗氧化酶体之一,直接清除机体产生的超氧自由基,阻止了机体的过氧化。但自然存在的SOD在体内代谢快,且分子量大,不易透过细胞膜而进入靶细胞,限制了其在机体内的应用。针对天然SOD的不足,早期国内外学者通过化学方法对其进行修饰研究,得到了多种修饰酶,为其在多领域的应用奠定了基础。近年来也有不少学者利用固定化酶技术、基因工程等手段对其进行特性改造,使其跨膜性、靶向性大大提升,成果显著。本文试图对国内外超氧化物歧化酶功能特性改善技术的研究进行概括。
Since superoxide dismutase （SOD） discovered, it initiated new situation of research work for oxygen metabolism. Oxygen free radicals are considered to participate in many important physiological processes. They are important signal molecules in organism and play significant roles in signaling pathways, which relate to the occurrence and development of many diseases. As one of the most important antioxidant enzymes, SOD directly clean superoxide radicals in organism and prevent the oxidation of the body. However, with rapid metabolism in organism, the natural SOD is a macromolecular, which can hardly penetrate cell membrane. These properties limit its application. For the lack of natural SOD, the performance improvement of chemical modification methods were given and discussed by scholars in the early days. And a variety of modified enzymes were obtained. In recent years, many scholarsuse immobilized enzyme technology, genetic engineering, and other means to improve its＇s properties, which make it with potent transmembrane activity and enhance targeting greatly. The results are remarkable. This paper attempts to generalize the technologies of property improvement of superoxide dismutase in and abroad.
出处
《海峡药学》
2009年第2期11-14,共4页
Strait Pharmaceutical Journal
基金
福州大学项目发展基金(2006-XY-15)
关键词
超氧化物歧化酶
修饰
重组
固定化酶
Superoxide dismutase（SOD）
Modify
G-ene recombination
Immobilized enzyme
