摘要
以甘肃河东为研究区，利用河东及周边的82个气象站点1971～2004年的月平均气温数据，结合数字高程模型（DEM），在分析平均气温与经度、纬度、海拔高度、坡度、坡向地形要素相关关系基础上，提出了一种基于DEM的多元线性回归空间插值方法（MLR），并与传统的反距离平方法（IDS）、样条函数法（SPLINE）和普通克里金法（OK）进行了精度比较。精度验证结果显示：无论从误差大小还是从插值效果上，考虑了地形要素的MLR方法均优于传统的插值方法。最后，基于MLR插值方法生成84m×84m甘肃河东地区月平均气温栅格数据集。平均气温结果表明：河东各月平均气温大致呈现由东南向西北逐渐降低的空间格局，且平均气温的季节内波动差异较大。其中，夏季气温的波动幅度最小，波动幅度自西向东减弱；冬季次之，有自北向南减弱的趋势；春季和秋季较大，有自西南向东北降低的趋势。
The interpolation of air temperature is one of the most important methods in generating high spatial resolution data for unknown points. However, many traditional interpolation methods without geographical information considered were mostly mathematic ways. The paper, based on digital elevation modal（DEM） and the monthly mean air temperature collected from 82 stations which located in and around the eastern regions of Gansu, proposed a multiple linear regression spatial interpolation （MLR） method via analyzing the relationships of mean air temperature with latitude, longitude, altitude, slope and aspect, and meanwhile carried out the comparison of MLR with conventional methods such as Inverse Distance Squared method （IDS）, Spline method （SPLINE） and Ordinary Kriging method （OK）, which showed that the precision of MLR method taking into account terrain factors was better than that of other conventional methods. Finally, using the MLR method, a data set of monthly mean air temperature with 84 m × 84 m spatial resolution in the eastern ＂regions of Gansu was obtained, which exhibited that the spatial distribution of monthly mean air temperature in the eastern regions of Gansu, presented the zonal rule which decreased from the southeast to the northwest, and the extent and trend of fluctuation with mean air-temperature in season internally was different, that is, the lowest undulation extent was in summer, then in winter, and the undulation range in spring and fall was the biggest, and the trend of fluctuation presented the latitudinal zonal from the west to east in summer, the north to south in winner, the southwest tO northeast in spring and fall.
出处
《干旱气象》
2009年第1期10-17,28,共9页
Journal of Arid Meteorology
基金
中国气象局新技术推广项目"青藏高原东北部退牧还草效益遥感监测研究"
兰州干旱气象研究所"黄河源区气候变化及其对生态环境的影响"项目资助
关键词
平均气温
空间插值方法
DEM
多元回归
甘肃河东地区
mean air temperature
spatial interpolation method
DEM
multiple linear regression
the eastern regions of Gansu
