摘要
目的探讨影响广州地区妊娠期糖代谢可能异常的膳食因素。方法选取2007年9月至2009年1月在中山大学附属第二医院产科确诊的妊娠期糖代谢异常孕妇51例（妊娠期糖尿病41例，妊娠期糖耐量受损10例），同时选取正常糖耐量孕妇102例作为对照，测量身高、体重、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素及血脂指标（甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇），并调查膳食史和活动情况。结果①糖代谢异常孕妇存在严重的胰岛素抵抗和糖脂代谢紊乱，孕前身体质量指数明显高于正常孕妇（t=3．056，P〈0．05）；②与正常孕妇相比，糖代谢异常孕妇的膳食总能量、蛋白质及脂肪供能比、1日膳食血糖生成指教较高（t分别为6．528、6．878、11．475和7．540，均P〈0．01），而碳水化合物供能比和膳食纤维较低（t分别为～12．554和-9．971，均P〈0．01）；③糖代谢异常者进行体力活动的时间明显少于正常孕妇（t=6．478，P〈0．05）。结论孕期高能量、高脂肪、高血糖生成指数膳食和较少的体力活动是发生糖代谢异常的重要影响因素。
Objective To investigate possible dietary factors influencing gestational impaired glucose tolerance （GIGT） in Guangzhou region. Methods 51 pregnant women with gestational diabetes milltus （GDM） （n = 41 ） or GIGT （n = 10） admitted to and confirmed in Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University over a period from September, 2007 to June, 2008 and 102 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance（NGT） in the same period were investigated with a questionnaire. Body height, body weight, fasting blood glucose （FBG）, fasting insulin （ FINS ） and blood lipids including serum triglyceride （ TG）, total cholesterol （ TC ）, high-density lipoprotein （HDL） and low-density lipoprotein（LDL） of the pregnant women in the two groups were detected and their dietary history and physical activities in recent 3 days were investigated. Results （1） Compared with NGT group, the pregnant women in the GDM ＋ GIGT group had higher serum levels of HOMA-IR, TG and FBG and lower serum level of HDL and their pregestational body mass index （BMI） was significantly higher than that of pregnant women in NGTgroup （ t = 3. 056, P 〈 0.05 ） ; （2） Compared with pregnant women in NGT group, the total energy in the diet intake, the energy supply ratioes of protein and fat and glycemie index （GI） per day of the pregnant women in the GDM ＋ GIGT group were significantly higher （ t = 6.528, 6. 878, 11. 475 and 7. 540 respectively, all P 〈 0.01 ） , while the energy supply ratio of carbohydrate and content of dietary fibre were lower（ t = - 12. 554 and -9. 971 respectively, both P 〈0.01 ） ; （3） The physical activity time of those pregnant women in GDM ＋ GIGT group were shorter than that in NGT group （ t = - 6.478, P 〈0.05）. Conclusion The results suggest that the diets with high energy, high fat and high glucose index and less physical activities during pregnancy are importmant factors triggering GIGT and GDM.
出处
《中国妇幼健康研究》
2009年第2期155-157,共3页
Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research
关键词
糖耐量异常
糖尿病
妊娠期
饮食习惯
体力活动
impaired glucose tolerance （IGT）
diabetes mellitus （ DM ）
pregnancy
dietary habit
physical activity
