摘要
南极冰盖是地球上最大的陆缘冰体,其物质收支和稳定性对全球气候变化和海平面升高有重要的影响。冰雷达,或称无线电回波探测,是冰川学家调查南极冰盖冰下特征的主要方法。在过去的50年里,冰雷达被广泛用于测量冰盖厚度、内部构造和冰下地貌,这些参数是计算冰盖体积和物质平衡、重建过去冰雪积累和消融率以及冰盖动力和沉积过程的基础。现在,冰雷达测量覆盖了南极绝大部分区域,极大地提升了人们对南极冰盖和全球系统间相互作用的理解。首先,简要介绍了冰雷达及其技术发展,然后着重评述了冰雷达在探测研究南极冰盖厚度和冰下地形、内部反射层、冰下湖和冰下水系、冰床粗糙度以及冰晶组构上的进展。最后,对未来冰雷达探测研究南极冰盖的前景进行了展望,并给出我国的现状。
The Antarctic ice sheet is the largest continental ice on the earth and its mass budget and stability has an important influence on global climate change and sea level rise. Ice radar, or radio-echo sounding （RES）, constitutes the principal means by which glaciologists investigate the subsurface properties of the Antarctic ice sheet. In the past fifty years, ice radar has been widely applied to measure ice sheet thickness, internal structure and subglacial morphology. These parameters are fundamental for the calculation of ice volume and mass balance as well as the reconstruction of past snow accumulation and melting rates, ice dynamics and deposition process. Now, RES has covered most regions in Antarctica and provided significant understanding of the interactions between ice sheet and global system. We briefly introduced ice radar and its technical development firstly and then mainly re- viewed the progress of ice radar in investigating and researching Antarctic ice sheet thickness and subglacial topog- raphy, internal reflecting horizons, subglacial lakes and water systems, subglacial bedrock roughness and crystal o- rientation fabrics（COF）. Finally, the prospect of ice radar in investigating and researching Antarctic ice sheet in the future and our present situation was proposed.
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期392-402,共11页
Advances in Earth Science
基金
国际极地年中国行动计划项目“中山站至冰穹A冰盖结构与动力学过程研究”
中国高技术研究发展计划项目“面向极地表面与低空科考使命的机器人技术和系统研究”(编号:2006AA04Z206)
中国高技术研究发展计划项目“基于电磁感应的海冰厚度监测关键技术与系统研究”(编号:2006AA09Z152)资助
关键词
冰雷达
南极冰盖
等时层
冰下湖
冰晶组构
Ice radar
Antarctic ice sheet
Isochrones
Subglacial lake
Crystal orientation fabrics.
