摘要
目的通过复制海水和淡水淹溺型急性肺损伤大鼠模型,比较海水淹溺与淡水淹溺造成的急性肺损伤的特征与区别。方法90只大鼠用随机数字法分为3组,即对照组、淡水淹溺组和海水淹溺组,每组在吸入淡水或海水后30min、1、2、4、8h时间点进行观察,每个时相点取6只大鼠用于实验。气管内灌注淡水或海水4ml/kg,建立急性肺损伤模型,分别检测动脉血气分析、肺湿/干重比值(W/D)、肺微血管通透性(PVMP)、血清及支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)的含量,并观察肺组织病理变化。结果大鼠吸入淡水或海水后,动脉血氧分压(PaO2)明显降低(P<0.05),海水淹溺组比淡水淹溺组降低更为明显(P<0.05)。海水淹溺组和淡水淹溺组大鼠的肺W/D值、肺PMVP、血清和BALF中TNF-α含量均明显高于对照组(P<0.05),海水淹溺组较淡水淹溺组升高更明显(P<0.05)。病理观察显示,海水淹溺组可见肺间质和肺泡水肿,肺组织灶性出血,并有以中性粒细胞为主的炎性细胞浸润;淡水淹溺组病理学改变与海水淹溺组相似,但损伤程度较轻。结论海水淹溺较淡水淹溺所引起的肺微血管通透性增加更为明显,低氧血症、肺水肿和炎症反应更严重。
Objective To compare the features and differences between seawater-induced and freshwater-induced acute lung injuries in rat models. Methods Ninety SD rats were randomIy divided into three groups （30 each） ： control group, seawater drowning group and freshwater drowning group. Rats in the latter 2 groups were given 4ml/kg seawater or freshwater intratracheally to induce acute lung injury, and 6 rats in each group were taken for observation at 30min, lh, 2h, 4h and 8h time points. Blood gas was monitored and wet/dry weight （W/D） of lung tissue was determined. Pulmonary microvascular permeability （PMVP） was examined with Evans blue assay. The content of TNF-α in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） was measured by ELISA, and pathological changes in lung tissues were observed under microscope. Results After inhalation of freshwater or seawater, PaO, decreased remarkably （P〈0. 05）, and more declination was found in seawater drowning group than the freshwater drowning group. W/D of lung tissue, PMVP and the contents of TNF-α in serum and BALF of both seawater and freshwater drowning groups were higher than that of control group （ P〈0. 05）, and it was evidently higher in seawater drowning group than in freshwater drowning group （P〈0. 05）. Pathological changes, including interstitial edema and alveolar edema, focal hemorrhage in pulmonary tissues, inflammatory cells, especially neutrophil infiltration, were found to be more serious in seawater drowning group than in freshwater drowning group. Conchtsion The pulmonary injuries induced by seawater drowning, such as hypoxemia, lung edema and inflammatory reaction, are more serious compared to that induced by freshwater drowning.
出处
《解放军医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期393-396,共4页
Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(30770928)
军队“十一五”攻关课题(06G083)
重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(2007BB5072)
第三军医大学科研基金资助项目(2006HG04)
关键词
海水
淡水
呼吸窘迫综合征
成人
毛细血管通透性
seawater
fresh water
respiratory distress syndrome, aduh
capillary permeability
