摘要
目的了解申报上海市“健康单位”的单位职工在午餐供应、控烟、体育锻炼、无偿献血、健康教育活动和血压控制方面的知、信、行及其健康需求,为建设上海市“健康单位”提供科学依据。方法采用单纯随机抽样的方法,对2006年申报的163个单位的1676名在职职工进行问卷调查和现场观察,并对调查内容进行归纳、整理和分析。结果12.27%的单位职工听说过单位发生食物中毒;对设立吸烟室的知晓率为72.14%,禁烟标志张贴正确率为59.42%;现场发现吸烟的有64人次,劝阻的仅为1人次;职工体育锻炼的资源利用和需求相符;对献血的认识和意愿有显著性差异,拥有正确认识的人群参与率高于错误理解的人群;资源节约、健康教育活动和血压知晓率及参与率都超过了70%。结论各类信息的普及和参与率有待加强,对各类活动的监督力度不够。根据“健康单位”的现状,建议通过加强宣传、建立多部门合作、完善培训体系来提高建设“健康单位”的知晓率和参与率;通过开展各类评估和建立长效监督机制来保证建设“健康单位”的顺利开展。
Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior and health demand of staffs in units which were applying for Shanghai Healthy Units on lunch provision, smoking control, physical activities, volunteer blood donation, health education activities and blood control so as to provide scientific evidence for Shanghai Healthy Units construction. Methods After sample random sampling, 1 676 staffs in 163 units applying for healthy units were investigated by questionnaires and on-the-spot observation in 2006. The data was collected and analyzed. Results 12.27% of staffs heard that food poison happened in their units. 72.14% of them knew the establishment of smoking control rooms. Only 59.42% of no-smoking signs were posted correctly. 64 persons were smoking during the on-the-spot observation period and only 1 person persuaded them not to smoke. The resource utility of physical activities accorded with demand of staffs. The understanding on volunteer blood donation was different from desire remarkably and the participating rate of population with correct understanding was higher than that of those with false understanding. The understanding rate and participating rate were more than 70% on resource saving, health education activities and blood control. Conclusion Popularization and participation of different information and knowledge need to be strengthened and the supervision also needs to be strengthened. According to the status quo of healthy units, it suggests that understanding rate and participating rate can increase by wider popularization, multi-sector coordination and training system development. And it can guarantee Healthy Units construction by various evaluation and long-time supervision system.
出处
《健康教育与健康促进》
2007年第2期6-10,共5页
Health Education and Health Promotion
关键词
健康单位
健康城市
健康教育
Healthy units
Healthy city
Health education
