摘要
发展性阅读障碍是学龄儿童面临的学习问题之一。近年来,许多行为和神经生理学、影像学实验都发现,发展性阅读障碍的儿童有明显的运动功能失调,如平衡性差、身体灵敏度不够以及自动化水平低。Nicolson等人提出的小脑理论认为,阅读障碍者的小脑功能失调影响了书写及发音,导致语音及阅读能力不足,而且小脑与时间控制有关,阅读障碍者的时间估计能力有缺陷与他们的小脑功能失调有关。本文回顾了有关小脑理论的研究,并指出小脑的认知功能还有待进一步的研究。
Developmental Dyslexia is a failure to acquire reading skills that affects around 5%-10% of school children despite adequate intelligence, education and social background. Dyslexic people are often uncoordinated, with poor balance and delayed motor milestones such as crawling, walking, and learning to ride a bicycle. Specific behavioral and neuroimaging tests reviewed here indicate that dyslexia is indeed associated with cerebellar impairment in about 80% of cases. Increasing evidence has shown the presence of anomalies with the cerebella of dyslexic people And the metabolic of dyslexic' cerebella is also different from the normal. Brain imaging studies also revealed dysfunction of their cerebella. According to the earlier cerebella deficit hypothesis, there is a direct relationship between articulatory skill and phonological skill. As counter evidence is accumulating, the prop revised the theory and linked dyslexia with time estimation deficit. In order to specify the role of cerebella in dyslexia, the further work should focus on pure dyslexia subjects and exclude the interference of attention deficit or hyperactivity disorder.
出处
《心理与行为研究》
2004年第1期368-372,共5页
Studies of Psychology and Behavior
