摘要
文章以鲁北平原山东省广饶县为例,阐述了咸、淡水形成的地质背景、咸淡水变化带形成与演化;分析了大规模开发利用地下水引起的咸水入侵的历史与现状;采用非确定性模型方法对咸水入侵趋势进行了预测,提出了缓解咸水入侵的对策与建议。取得的主要认识和结论为:(1)鲁北平原自山前冲洪积扇向莱州湾滨海平原,地下水水质具有水平和垂直分带特征;(2)20世纪70年代中期大量开采南部地下淡水后,地下淡水水位持续下降,破坏了咸淡水之间的水动力平衡,北部咸水向南入侵,引起淡水咸水、机井报废等一系列环境地质问题;(3)预测结果表明,在不采取调控措施情况下,咸淡水界面以每年平均240m速度向南部推进;(4)人工回灌、营造淡水帷幕并减少淡水区开采量是防止咸水入侵的有效途径。
Taking Guangrao County, Shandong Province as an example, geological background for salt and fresh water formation as well as evolvement for transition-zone of salt and fresh water was described, history and actuality of salt water intrusion arisen by extensive groundwater exploitation was analyzed, intrusion trend for salty water using indeterminacy model method was forecasted, measures for control of salty water intrusion was proposed. Results showed that groundwater quality had characteristics of horizontal zoning and vertical zoning. From the 1970s, since fresh groundwater was exploited in a large scale in the area, and level of fresh groundwater continuously dropped, hydrodynamic equilibrium between fresh and salt water was broken, which aroused salty groundwater in north area intruded into south area, and a lot of geo--environmental problems appeared including fresh water salinization and well abandonment. Fresh-salt water interface would move toward the south at the speed of 240m/y if without controlling measure. Artificial recharge, building fresh-water curtain and reducing exploitation in fresh water areas were efficient measures to avoid salty water intrusion.
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第5期79-82,共4页
Environmental Science & Technology
关键词
滨海平原
咸水入侵
趋势预测
人工补给
防治措施
coastal plain
salt water intrusion
trend forecast
artificial recharge
control measures
