摘要
为了合理利用水资源,探索实现低定额均匀灌溉的适宜方法和技术路线,设计作物高效用水的有限灌溉制度,在陕西省杨凌区中壤土玉米地开展了不同畦田规格和灌水定额对土壤水分及玉米产量影响的田间试验。结果表明:对于田面坡度一定的试验田块,入畦单宽流量在3～6lm/s范围内,畦田宽度在4m以内时,各处理小区的土壤平均含水量无显著性差异,但畦田内土壤水分分布却有不同差异,当畦宽2～3m,畦长50m时可达到较高灌水效率(Ea>80%)和灌水均匀度(DU>80%);玉米拔节-抽雄期的灌水定额处理对玉米的生长存在明显影响;不同灌水定额对作物产量、水分利用效率影响显著。
Field experiment was carried out in Yangling area to study the effect of border irrigation on soil water and growth of summer maize under the condition of optimal soil water lower limit, Meanwhile, for purpose of rational utilization of water resources, exploring optimum methods and technical routes of low irrigation quota and forming limited irrigation system of crop high efficient use of water. The results shows that the variation of average soil water content was small but of soil water distribution in border check of different border dimensions was big. The optimization inflow rate of unit width, border wide and border length in field experiments are in the rang of 3-61 m/s, 2-3m and around 50 m could ensure high irrigation quality with Application Effieiency（Ea〉80% ） and Distribution Uniformity （DU〉80%）. The variation of physiological characters of maize was small with different border dimensions but big with different irrigation quota in jointing-heading stage of mazie. Under the condition of border irrigation of different irrigation quota had a big effect on summer maize yield and water use efficiency.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第10期282-286,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
中国科学院重要研究项目"半干旱地区农业高效用水的生物学原理及其应用"(kzcx3-sw-444)
关键词
畦灌
畦田规格
灌水定额
水分利用率
夏玉米
border irrigation, border dimensions, irrigation quota, water use efficiency, summer corn
