摘要
目的：连续监测泌尿生殖道支原体感染率及耐药性变化,为支原体防治提供参考。方法：回顾性分析2004-2008年间泌尿生殖道支原体的感染率、构成比及耐药率的变化,利用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果：5年来泌尿生殖道支原体感染率分别为30.6%、30.2%、31.8%、35.2%、39.8%（χ^2=43.00,P=0.000）;解脲支原体比例最高,分别为70.2%、75.1%、72.9%、77.3%、70.7%;人型支原体比例最低,分别为3.6%、2.1%、2.7%、1.1%、1.6%。5年的耐药监测结果显示,解脲支原体对喹诺酮类的耐药性最高,对环丙沙星的耐药率分别为89.3%、87.9%、95.6%、96.9%、95.9,对氧氟沙星的耐药率分别为90.0%、81.8%、89.1%、88.6%、91.4;对交沙霉素（〈4.5%）、多西环素（〈5.5%）、克拉霉素（〈13.0%）、原始霉素（〈2.0%）耐药率最低,且耐药率增加不明显。支原体感染以青年为主,不同年龄段患者支原体感染的耐药率相似,但原始霉素对两者混合感染的中老年患者耐药率高。尿液中分离的解脲支原体红霉素、阿齐霉素、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、强力霉素的耐药率低,宫颈分泌物的耐药率最高,两者混合感染在不同部位感染的耐药率相近。结论：泌尿生殖道支原体感染感染率呈现逐年增高的趋势,以解脲支原体感染最高,其构成比例5年来保持稳定。治疗支原体感染的首选药物为交沙霉素,临床诊疗中要重视强支原体的培养及药物敏感性试验,减少耐药菌株的产生。
Objective：To provide references for mycoplasma prevention and cure by continuous monitoring of urogenital infection rate of mycoplasma and variation of antimicrobial resistantce. Methods ： Retrospective analysis of urogenital infection rate of mycoplasma, constituent ratio of mycoplasma and drug resistant rate during 2004 - 2008. Statistical analysing of the data using SPSS software. Results：From 2004 to 2008, the urogenital infection rate of mycoplasma is 30. 6% ,30. 2%, 31.8% ,35.2%, 39. 8% （x^2 =43.00,P = 0. 000）, respectively. Ureaplasma urealyticum offers the most highest rate, the constituent ratio are 70. 2% ,75.1% ,72. 9% ,77.3% ,70.7% , respectively. The lowest constituent ratio come from mycoplasma hominis, which are 3.6% ,2. 1% ,2. 7%, 1.1%, 1.6%, respectively. Result of 5 -year monitoring indicates that ureaplasma urealyticum shows the highest resistant ratio to fluoroquinolon antibiotics. Resistant rates for ciprofloxacin are 89. 3% ,87. 9% ,95.6% ,96.9% ,95.9% , in 5 years respectively. For ofloxacin the rates are 90.0% ,81.8% ,89. 1% ,88.6% ,91.4%, respectively. But the resistant rates are low for josamycin （ less than 4. 5% ）, doxycyclin （ less than 5.5% ）, clarithromycin （ less than 13% ） and pristinamycin （2. 0% ）. And the resistant rates for these antibiotics don＇t show significant increasing tendency, young people infectioned Mycoplasma mainly, mycoplasma resistant rate with different age groups of was similar, but the pristinamycin on mixed infection of two middle - aged and old patients with higher drug resistance rate than young patients. The resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum isolated from Urine to erythromycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, doxycycline has low rates, cervical secretion of the highest rates of drug resistance, the two mixed infection in different parts of the resistance rate of infection is similar to. Conclusion： Urogenital infection rate of mycoplasma, in the past 5 years, shows an increasing tendeucy, the highest constituent ratio comes from ureaplasma urealyticum. The constituent ratios of urogenital infection rate of mycoplasma are retaining stabilization during the past 5 years. Josamycin is the fist choice for treatment of mycoplasma. During clinic diagnosis and treatment, people should pay attention to mycoplasma culture and drug sensitive test to reduce drug resistant stain.
出处
《中国卫生检验杂志》
CAS
2009年第5期1103-1105,共3页
Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology
关键词
泌尿生殖道
支原体
耐药性
监测
Urogenital
Mycoplasma
Antimicrobial-resistant
Monitoring
