摘要
取样测定了云南会泽废弃铅锌矿土壤和植物中重金属元素Pb、Zn、Cd的含量,并采用单因子指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法评估了会泽县废弃铅锌矿复垦地和撂荒地土壤的重金属污染状况。结果表明:1)以《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618-1995)为标准,复垦地和撂荒地的土壤重金属含量均超过国家三级标准;复垦地中Cd、Zn、Pb3种重金属的总含量分别为国家三级标准的35.0、28.0和11.3倍;撂荒地中这3种重金属总含量分别为国家三级标准的40.7、37.6和16.7倍。2)单项污染指数评价结果表明:铅锌矿废弃地污染指数为Cd>Zn>Pb,3种重金属均达到重污染级。综合污染指数评价结果显示:铅锌矿废弃地重金属污染达到重度污染等级,复垦地已不适宜耕种农作物。废弃矿山及土法冶炼后遗留的矿渣是重金属污染的主要原因。3)当地受重金属污染的土壤中仍然有生长良好的野生植物,并且有些植物种类对重金属的吸收转运能力较强,在土壤重金属污染的生物修复中有应用潜力。
Based on the analysis of the Pb, Zn, and Cd contents in the soil and plant samples from abandoned Pb-Zn mine tailings in Huize of Yunnan Province, Southwest China, the heavy metals pollution of the reclaimed and abandoned soils in this area was assessed by the methods of single factor pollution index and Nemerow integrated index, respectively. Compared with the Environmental Quality Standard for Soil of China （ GB 15618-1995 ） （ EQSSC）, the heavy metals contents in the reclaimed and abandoned soils were higher than the Level 3 pollution defined by EQSSC. The total contents of Cd, Zn, and Pb in reclaimed soil were as 35.0, 28.0, and 11.3 times as Level 3 of EQSSC, whereas those in abandoned soil were as 40.7, 37.6, and 16. 7 times as Level 3 of EQSSC, respectively. The assessment with single factor pollution index indicated that the severity level of heavy metals pollution was Cd 〉 Zn 〉 Pb, all in the heavy-pollution category, and the assessment with Nemerow integrated index also showed that the study area had been heavily polluted. The main causes of the pollution were the mine tailings and the local heavy metals-extracting techniques. As a result, the reclaimed soil might not besuitable for farming any more. In the polluted soils, there were certain kinds of wild plants still growing well, and some of them had strong capability to absorb and transmit heavy metals, being able to be used for the bioremediation of the polluted soils.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第7期1277-1283,共7页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家科技部重大基础研究前期研究专项(2005CCA05700)
云南省自然科学基金资助项目(2007C106M)
关键词
土壤
重金属污染
评价
生物修复
soil
heavy metals pollution
assessment
bioremediation.
