摘要
目的分析广东省揭阳市狂犬病疫情流行特点和趋势,探讨防制对策。方法收集揭阳市2005-2007年狂犬病疫情资料,采用描述性流行病学方法对资料进行分析。结果2005-2007年,揭阳市共报告狂犬病30例(全部死亡),病例逐年增加。疫情波及5个县(市、区)中的4个(80%)。30例病例中,男性20例,占发病总数的66.7%。≥45岁成年人报告发病12例;占40.0%。中、小学生与散居儿童报告发病12例;占40.0%。农民11例,占36.7%。86.7%的病例是由犬伤引起,伤人动物无免疫史或免疫史不详。40%的病例未进行伤口处理,10%的病例接种疫苗。结论犬只免疫率低下、暴露后免疫处理率低是狂犬病疫情上升的原因。加强对犬只管理,大力开展宣传教育与培训工作,探索将狂犬病免疫处理费纳入新型农村合作医疗体系和城镇居民医疗保障体系是下一步工作。
Objective To analyze the characteristics and trend of the rabies epidemic in Jieyang city, Guangdong province, and discuss the prevention and control measures. Methods The epidemic data of rabies from 2005 to 2007 in Jieyang city was collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method. Results A total of 30 cases of rabies were reported in Jieyang city from 2005 to 2007, and all the patients died. The case number increased year by year. Four counties out of 5 counties in the city were involved by the epidemic （ 80% ）. There were 20 male cases and 10 female cases with the gender ratio of 2： 1. The cases in children aged≥15 years and the cases in adults aged≥45 years accounted for 40.0% of the total cases, respectively. Most cases occurred in primary and high - school students （ 12 cases ,40.0% ） and scattered children （llcases, 36.7% ）. Eighty-seven percent of cases were caused by the bite of dogs, which were neither immunized nor with known immune history. Of the cases reported, 40% didn＇t treat the wounds properly, and only 10% received vaccination. Condusion The increase of the rabies incidence was due to the low rate of dog immunization and low rate of human vaccination after exposure. It is necessary to strengthen dog management, conduct health education and training vigorously, incorporate the rabies vaccination into the new type rural cooperative medical care system and urban resident medical care insurance system to prevent and control the rabies eoidemic.
出处
《疾病监测》
CAS
2009年第6期404-406,共3页
Disease Surveillance
关键词
狂犬病
疫情
流行特征
rabies
epidemic situation
epidemic characteristics
