摘要
新疆维吾尔自治区博斯腾湖生态系统结构较为简单。生态系统生产者由硅藻为主的浮游植物组成,构成了博湖饵料生物的基础,淡水鱼类构成了生态系统消费者的主体。现有鱼群生态位分布较宽,鲢、鳙生态位重叠较多,池沼公鱼占有繁殖优势,鲈和鲫能够长期共存。根据不同深度水域的浮游植物生物量,运用ArcGIS软件,计算得出博斯腾湖初级生产力为665091.07t,理论鱼载力为4750.65t。实际鱼载量远大于理论值,需要根据湖泊环境容纳量投放饵料。同时,建议考虑通过生态系统食物链的功能,适当地引进能制约小杂鱼的高位营养级的鱼类来维护水域生态系统的平衡,将湖泊内的小杂鱼转化成经济价值高的名特优鱼类。
Bosten lake, located in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, has a simple ecosystem structure. Producers of the lake ecosystem are mainly composed of phytoplankton, which dominated with diatom and served as prey for most fish in this lake. Fish are main consumer in the lake. By analyzing on niche width of main fish species, it found that those of silver carp [ Hypophthalmichthys molitrix （ Cuvier et Valenciennes） 1 and bighead [ Aristichthys nobilis （Richardson）] overlapped, Hypomesus olidus Pallas has advantage in reproducion ability. River perch [ Perca fluviatilis （Linnaeus） ] mainly grazing on crucian carp [ Carassius auratus （Linnaeus） ] , and they can live together in a long period. Based on phytoplankton biomass in different depth of the lake and utilizing of ArcGIS software, it＇s calculated that the annual primary productivity of the lake was 665 091.07 t. Thus, the theoretical fish carrying capacity was estimated to be 4 750.65 t. However, actual fish carrying capacity overtaken theoretical one in a high degree. It＇s need to supply fish food to the lake, under considering the lake＇s environmental capacity. It＇s also suggested to introduce piscivorous fish species to maintenance the balance of water ecosystem, to transform those trash fish product into high quality fish product.
出处
《水生态学杂志》
北大核心
2009年第4期15-18,共4页
Journal of Hydroecology
基金
欧盟-中国生物多样性项目(EU-China Biodiversity Programme
ECBP)资助
关键词
生态系统结构
博斯腾湖
生态位
初级生产力
鱼载力
Ecosystem structure
Bosten lake
Niche width
Primary productivity
Fish carrying capacity
