摘要
根据隧道和地下工程的特点,明确风险的定义,并对隧道及地下工程建设中决策、实施以及运营各阶段的风险因素进行了系统总结;提出了隧道及地下工程的风险管理方法,包括风险分析、风险评价、风险应对和风险监控4个步骤;分析了隧道和地下工程风险管理实践中存在的问题,主要包括对风险的认识存在误区、风险管理系统过于分散、缺乏统一的风险接受准则和接受等级以及目前的风险管理体系与当前社会环境不相符等;针对上述问题,提出了关于提高风险管理理论水平、建立动态的风险管理体系、加强重大事故预测预报、完善隧道和地下工程风险管理的法律法规以及改变"被动式"的管理理念等方面的建议。
According to the characteristics of tunnel and underground works, the definition of risk is determined, and the risk factors from the process of decision-making, implementation and management are systematically analyzed. The method of risk management is presented, including risk analysis, risk evalua- tion, risk response and risk monitoring. In addition, the problems of risk management in tunnel and underground engineering project are discussed, including the wrong understanding of risk, the over dispersion in risk management, the unavailability of uniform acceptant rule and order, and the unconformity between the risk management system and the current social environment. According to these problems, it is suggested that the risk management level should be improved, the dynamic risk management system should be founded, the prediction of great accidents and legal system development should be strengthened, and the passive management methods should be changed
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期154-158,共5页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金资助(50778012)
北京交通大学科技基金资助(2007RC001)
关键词
风险管理
隧道
地下工程
风险因素
风险评估
risk management
tunnel
underground works
risk factor
risk assessment
