摘要
非洲国家贫困的普遍性、区域性、长期性特征,以及政府在掌控国家公共资源的支配特性,决定了政府在国家减贫中应发挥主导和决定性的作用。其主要表现在:通过行政手段和执政资源,将减贫纳入国家发展战略与执政党的施政纲领及执政目标之一,奠定国家减贫的制度基础;通过调整财政支出、信贷资金等经济手段,加大减贫的资金投入,构筑减贫的物质经济基础;通过土地改革、鼓励中小企业发展等政策手段,给穷人提供更多参与经济活动的机会,增加穷人的收入;实施专项减贫计划,实行有针对性的减贫。而政府在减贫中也有诸多局限性。为保证非洲国家政府在减贫中取得实效,需要处理好政府与市场、私营企业和非政府组织,以及穷人的关系。
The universal,regional and long-term features of African poverty and the character for governments to control public resources have endowed the African governments with dominant and decisive roles in national poverty reduction.It is shown that the governments have brought poverty reduction into their relative national development strategies by using administrative measures and ruling resources,which has laid the systematic basis of poverty reduction;having formed the substantial economic basis by adjusting financial expenses,credit funding and increasing investment in poverty reduction;offering more opportunities to the poor to participate in economic activities and increase their incomes by implementing the policies of land reform and promoting small-medium sized enterprises development;carrying out the targeted poverty reduction through special poverty reduction programs.However,the governments may be restricted in many areas of poverty reduction.They need to well deal with the relations between government and market,private enterprises and NGOs and the people in poverty.
出处
《西亚非洲》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第8期44-49,共6页
West Asia and Africa
基金
中国社会科学院"B类"重大课题"非洲国家的反贫困行动"阶段性成果
