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骺板中生长因子的表达与调控 被引量:1

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摘要 人体骨骼的骺板(epiphysealplate),即软骨生长板(growthplate)是位于长骨骺与干骺端之间,以及椎间盘与椎体间的一层具有纵向生长能力的透明软骨,人体发育过程中长骨和椎体的生长均需通过骺板的软骨内骨化来完成。骺板从骨骺端到骨干可依次分为四个区:静止区、增殖区、肥大区和成骨区。其中静止区中软骨细胞进入增殖区,这里的细胞形态扁平,分裂活跃,以纵向分裂为主,形成典型的柱状排列。在经历了有限的分裂次数后,在局部生长因子调节下,软骨细胞进入分化阶段。此时软骨细胞体积极度膨大,称为肥大软骨细胞,其特征为合成碱性磷酸酶和X型胶原,并生成基质小泡,促使软骨基质钙化。而后肥大软骨细胞凋亡,空余位置被干骺端血管侵入,成骨细胞进入钙化基质表面形成初级松质骨,这种软骨与骨的复合物将由破软骨细胞重新塑形,为更成熟的次级松质骨取代,完成软骨内成骨过程(图1)。骺板组织结构和基质成分呈梯级变化,生理活动和生物学行为复杂,受全身内分泌(包括激素、生长因子)和局部旁分泌及自分泌(多种生长因子)的调控。
出处 《中华小儿外科杂志》 CSCD 北大核心 2009年第8期570-572,共3页 Chinese Journal of Pediatric Surgery
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