摘要
目的了解管道分质直饮水的经济和社会效益。方法2004年3-4月在广州、深圳、珠海、东莞进行了管道分质直饮水与自来水的水质检测,检测项目为电导率、总有机碳、耗氧量;在2004年7-10月选取了广州市的10个直饮水单位对其已使用直饮水的用户进行问卷调查,调查内容涉及对直饮水经济和社会效益分析等46个问题;并且对深圳某公司5个小区的管道直饮水系统在2005-2007年运营期间的经济收支情况进行回顾性调查。结果共调查2004户管道直饮水用户,被访者认为管道直饮水存在二次污染的占27%,不了解直饮水者占48.1%,39.2%、15.0%被访者分别认为水的质量、水的价格影响选择使用管道直饮水系统,调查用户中49.2%的用户已选择管道直饮水为主饮用水,对直饮水系统满意度总体评价非常好和比较好的占44.5%。水质检测结果显示自来水经过净化处理成直饮水后,总有机碳、电导率及耗氧量明显降低,去除率分别为89.7%、90.3%,76.0%。18.2%的用户希望设立24h饮用水咨询热线,29.5%的用户希望饮水机定期清洗消毒,12.8%的用户希望在小区内讲解有关饮用水卫生知识,25.4%的用户希望定期寄送权威部门的水质检查报告。被访者使用管道直饮水平均每户每月支出32.23元(直饮水的消费仅占家庭总收入支出的0.6%),5个小区的管道直饮水系统在2005-2007年运营期间有3个系统亏损,管道分质直饮水运营期间只有在实际供水量达到设计能力8%以上时才可能盈利。结论直饮水水质优于市政自来水,管道直饮水具有较好的社会效益,而经济效益有待提高。
Objective To know the economic and social benefit of pipe direct drinking water. Methods Qualities of pipe direct drinking water and running water were detected for conductivity, total organic carbon and oxygen consumption in cities of Guangzbou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Dongguan from March to April in 2004. Customers of 10 direct drinking water companies were selected to survey economic and social benefits by questionnaires from July to October in 2004 in Guangzhou City. Meanwhile the financial income and expenditure of a pipe direct drinking water system company in Shenzhen were surveyed retrospectively in 5 residence communities during the period of 2005 - 2007. Results A total of 2 004 customers consuming direct drinking water were investigated. 27% of them considered that there was secondary pollution in direct drinking water system. 39. 2% and 15.0% of the customers thought that the major influence factors on the application of direct drinking water were water quality and price respectively. 48.1% of the customers did not know much about the direct drinking water. 49. 2% of the customers chose the direct drinking water as their main source of drinking water and 44.5% were satisfied with the direct drinking water system. The test results of water quality showed that values of total organic carbon, conductivity and oxygen consumption decreased significantly after being purified. The removals of them were 89.7%, 90. 3% and 76. 0%, respectively. 18. 2% of the customers considered that the 24 - hour hotline should be built for the drinking water, 29.5% hoped that the drinking water dispensers should be cleaned and dis-infected termly, 12. 8% hoped that the knowledge of drinking water should be propagandized in the community, and 25.4% hoped that the test report of water quality from authoritative institute should be delivered terndy. The average expenditure of direct drinking water of each family was about 32. 23 Yuan per month, which was 0. 6% of the total expenditure of the family. The pipe system for direct drinking water will get the profit only when the actual water supply volume reaches 8% of the design capacity. Three of 5 pipe systems for fine drinking water ran at a loss during 2005 to 2007. Conclusion The quality of pipe system for direct drinking water was much better than that of municipal water supply and would bring about better social benefit than economic profit.
出处
《华南预防医学》
2009年第4期1-4,共4页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
广东省科技计划项目(2003C33713)
关键词
管道分质直饮水
经济效益
社会效益
Pipe system for direct drinking water
Economic benefit
Social benefit
