摘要
砷(Arsenic,As)是一种剧毒类金属(Metalloid),在自然环境中主要以三价亚砷酸盐[Arsenite,AsO2-,As(III)]和五价砷酸盐[Arsenate,AsO43-,As(V)]的无机形式广泛存在。许多微生物在含砷环境的长期适应过程中,进化了多种不同的砷解毒抗性机制。目前研究发现主要存在4种类型的砷抗性机理,包括:As(III)氧化,细胞质As(V)还原,呼吸性As(V)还原,As(III)甲基化,这些机制赋予微生物砷抗性并在砷的转化和地球化学循环中起着极其重要的作用。本文主要介绍这几种微生物砷抗性机制的机理及研究概况和潜在的砷污染生物修复功能。
Arsenic is known as a toxic metalloid, which mainly exists in inorganic forms such as arsenite and arsenate in the natural environment. A number of microorganisms have evolved different resistant mechanisms for arsenic detoxification to cope with the widespread distribution of the poisonous arsenic. Four dis- tinct microbial arsenic-resistant mechanisms have been described including As（Ⅲ） oxidation, cytoplasmic As（Ⅴ） reduction, respiratory As（Ⅴ） reduction, and As（Ⅲ） methylation. These mechanisms confer arsenic resistance in microorganisms that play important roles in the transformation and geological cycle of arsenic. This review mainly focuses on the researches on these molecular mechanisms and potential application for environmental arsenic bioremediation using microorganisms.
出处
《微生物学通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第8期1253-1259,共7页
Microbiology China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.30570058)
国家863计划项目(No.2007AA06Z332)资助
关键词
砷
抗砷性微生物
砷氧化
砷还原
砷甲基化
砷污染
生物修复
Arsenic, Arsenic-resistant microorganisms, Arsenite oxidation, Arsenate reduction, Arsenite methylation, Arsenic contamination, Bioremediation
