摘要
目的进行突发性聋(以下简称突聋)的临床流行病学分析。方法回顾性分析我科2000年—2006年收治突聋患者332例的临床资料;对1980年至2006年我院耳鼻喉科突聋住院人数和耳鼻喉科总住院人数进行了统计。结果332例突聋中,男164例,占49.3%;女168例,占50.6%。发病年龄以41～50岁最多(89例)。右耳患病144例,左耳患病157例,双耳间隔50天至5年相继发生突聋者31例。听力下降前后出现耳鸣者295例,占88.9%,以低调、持续性耳鸣为主。有耳闷者111例,占33.4%。按职业分类:白领127例,蓝领101例,退休或无业居家者80例,学生22例,儿童2例。发病诱因:无明显诱因者78.3%,有感冒病史者10.5%,有劳累、压力大、情绪波动因素者9.3%,有其他因素者1.8%。根据突聋是否伴有头晕或眩晕将其分为三类:单纯表现为听力减退者179例(占53.9%),伴发头晕者59例(占17.8%),伴有眩晕者94例(占28.3%)。332例中伴发高血压病、冠心病和/或糖尿病者62人(占18.7%);其中160例检查了血脂,查出血脂异常者92人(占57.5%),以甘油三酯升高为主。分析我院1980年至2006年突聋患者住院人数占耳鼻喉科总住院人数的构成比发现:80年代构成比为1.69%,90年代为3.31%,2000年后为4.6%,三者有极显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论332例突聋中男女发病构成和左右耳患病构成基本相同。以中、青年为高发人群。男性患病与职业有明显相关性,即白领比蓝领和居家者更易患突聋;女性患病与职业无明显相关性。精神压力大、过于劳累的人员易患突聋。突聋中单纯表现为听力减退的病人数多于伴有眩晕者,伴有眩晕者又多于伴有头昏者。其最常见的伴发病症为血脂代谢紊乱,以甘油三酯升高为主。近26年来我院突聋住院人数逐渐增多,提示突聋发病有增多趋势。
Objective To investigate the clinical epidemiological features of sudden deafness. Methods A retrospective analysis on the clinical data of 332 sudden deafness cases hospitalized and treated in the ENT department of our hospital from 2000 to 2006 was conducted. The numbers of sudden deafness and all ENT patients hospitalized were accounted from 1980 to 2006. Results In 332 cases of sudden deafness, the males were 164, and the females were 168. Its onset was most common in the age of 41 to 50 years old. Right ears with sudden deafness were 144, left ears with sudden deafness were 157, and two ears were 31. According to occupational classification, the white-collar persons, blue-collar persons, the retired and no job persons, the students and children were 127 cases, 101 cases, 80 cases, 22 cases, 2 cases, respectively. Among 332 cases of sudden deafness, the rate of no causatve factor accounted for 78.3%, a cold accounted for 10.5%, exercises, stresses and emotion fluctuation accounted for 9.3%. In these sudden deafness cases, there were 179 cases with hearing loss alone, 59 cases with dizziness and 94 cases with vertigo. There were 62 cases of sudden deafness with hypertension, coronary artery disease and diabetes. 160 cases were tested for blood-fat and found that 92 cases had dyslipoprotenimia and most of them had high triglyceride. We studied the constituent rates on the number of sudden deafness hospitalized and the number of all ENT patients hospitalized for past 26 years. The constituent rates of sudden deafness in 1980s were 1.69%, in 1990s were 3.31%, in 2000s were 4.6%. There were extremely significant differences in difference periods （P〈 0.01）. Conclusion In 332 cases of sudden deafness, the number of males and females with sudden deafness was almost the same. The chance of right ears and left ears with sudden deafness was near the same. Its onset was the most common in the middle-age. There was a relationship between the onset of sudden deafness and different occupation in males, but there was no relation in females. The person who had high psychological pressure and overwork was easy to suffer from sudden deafness. The case with hearing loss alone was most common in the 3 types of sudden deafness. The most common concomitant disorder of sudden deafness was the metabolic disorder of blood-fat. The number of sudden deafness in our hospital increased gradually in past 26 years. There was a tendency that the incidence of sudden deafness increased gradually.
出处
《中华耳科学杂志》
CSCD
2009年第2期152-156,共5页
Chinese Journal of Otology
基金
西安市科技攻关项目资助(YF07176)
关键词
突发性聋
构成比
临床流行病学
Sudden deafness
Constituent rate
Clinical epidemiology
