摘要
采用化学镀的方法制备中空镍纤维,通过对不同纤维进行筛选和优化,选取晴纶纤维作为化学镀镍的基体,纤维直径约10μm,长度3 mm左右。采用NaH2PO2为还原剂的碱性低温镀液体系在晴纶纤维表面镀镍,通过SEM,EDS和XRD分析了镀层表面形貌、结构和化学成分。研究发现,未经烧结的Ni/晴纶复合纤维镀层致密均匀,主要成分为低磷含量的Ni-P合金。将复合纤维先在空气中进行氧化烧结去除晴纶基体,发现烧结温度对去除有机基体得到中空镍纤维有较大影响。当烧结温度低于300℃时,有机基体去除不完全;当烧结温度为400℃时,基本没有有机基体残留,管壁致密;当温度为500℃时,得到的中空氧化镍纤维管壁有大量微孔,质脆易碎。将去除基体后的氧化物在氢气气氛下进行高温还原处理,得到中空镍纤维,组成为Ni和Ni3P,镍元素占93.83%(质量分数)。
Electroless-plating method was used to pre- pare hollow nickel fibre. SEM, EDS and XRD were employed to study the surface morphology, microstruc- ture and chemical composition of the nickel fibre. Polyacrylonitrile fibre with diameter of about 10~m and length of 3mm was chosen as the template of elec- troless-plating. Low temperature alkaline solution with sodium hypophosphite was chosen as the reducer and the optimal parameters were determined. A dense and uniform coating contained Ni and P was obtained. The electroplated fibre was then sintered in the air to re- move the organic template. It was found that the sinte- ring temperature had great influence on the formation of hollow fibre. The polyacrylonitrile fibre could not be removed completely at temperature lower than 300 ~C, and when the temperature was 400 ~C, no organic/^- bre could be observed and the hollow nickel oxide fi- bre with dense wall was obtained. However, when the sintering temperature was 500 ~C, great changes had been found, the hollow fibre with brittle porous wall was obtained. The oxide samples were then reduced by hydrogen at high temperature after the matrix was removed. And the hollow nickel fibre was finally ob- tained with the composition of Ni and NiaP, and the content of nickel element was about 93.83%.
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期564-568,共5页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
"863"节能和新能源汽车重大项目(2006AA11A151)资助
关键词
中空镍纤维
化学镀镍
集流体
hollow nickel fibres
electroless-plating
current collector
