摘要
选择土壤pH、有机质、全氮、水解氮、有效磷、缓效钾、速效钾等7个养分指标,采用模糊数学方法确定其隶属度函数并进行处理,运用主成分分析法确定各指标的权重,计算土壤肥力综合指标值(IFI),对贵州喀斯特山区典型县黔西县6 000个耕地养分进行综合评价,运用聚类分析对土壤肥力等级水平划分为高、较高、中等和低4类,各类土样所占比例依次为28.18%、39.60%、24.23%和7.98%。结果表明:黔西县耕地中性土壤占有较大比例(占总土样数的39.77%),全县耕地总体肥力水平较高,中上肥力水平土壤比例为92.02%,但在不同等级间土壤肥力存在着明显的变异,高含量有机质、氮素的土壤不多,有效磷总体水平低且分布极不平衡。根据养分评价结果,提出低肥力土壤加大有机肥的投入,作物生长期间注意补充磷肥,针对性施用钾肥等的施肥建议。
The weights of soil p H, organic matter, total nitrogen, hydrolysate nitrogen, available phosphorus, slowrelease potassium and available potassium were determined by using the principle component analysis method. Then the integrated fertility indexes （IFI） of 6 000 soil samples from Qianxi County with the typical Kast mountainous characteristic were evaluated. Finally, the soil fertility levels were divided by using the cluster analysis method. Four soil kinds of higher, high, moderate and lower fertility were divided and the proportion of soil samples with higher, high, moderate and lower fertility was 28.18%, 39.60%, 24.23% and 7.98% respectively. The results showed that the proportion of soil samples with 6.5～7.5 pH value accounts for 39.77%, the general soil fertility level of arable land is high and the proportion of arable land with above moderate soil fertility is 92.02%, but there is significant difference between different soil fertility levels, there is a few soils with high organic matter and nitrogen content and the general level of available phosphorus content of soil samples is poor and its distribution does not very balanced. The application suggestion including raising organic fertilizer amount for lower fertility soils, applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizer during the growth period of crops is put forward according to the evaluation results of soil fertility in Qianxi County.
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2009年第8期112-115,共4页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省科技厅重大专项计划项目"主要农作物测土配方施肥技术集成与转化应用"[黔科合重大专项字(2007)6008]
农业部财政部测土配方施肥资金补贴项目"黔西县测土配方施肥项目"
关键词
耕地
土壤养分
综合评价
喀斯特山区
arable lands soil nutrient
comprehensive evaluations Kast mountainous area
