摘要
灌区通过节水改造可以节约灌溉用水量,但节水灌溉存在尺度效应,灌区节水改造措施在田间尺度的节水潜力并不代表其灌区或流域等大尺度上的节水潜力,田间尺度的节水在较大尺度上会产生一定的负面影响。从区域或流域整体的可持续发展角度出发,只有弄清不同尺度的节水潜力,才能做到区域水资源的优化配置和流域水资源的科学合理调度管理。从灌区灌溉水的循环转化过程,分析了节水措施在不同尺度上产生的节水效果,在此基础上提出了目前常用节水措施的田间、灌区、地表水和地下水等不同尺度节水潜力的计算公式,并以青铜峡灌区为例,对不同尺度的节水潜力进行了对比分析。
Irrigation districts can save irrigation water through water-saving reform, but there is a scale effect in water-saving irrigation. The water-saving potential of farmland scale caused by water-saving reform measure doesn＇t represent the potential of the whole irrigation district or the basin scale, the farmland scale water-saving would have definite negative impacts on the bigger scale. From the angle of the sustainable development of the whole region or the basin, we need to clarify the water-saving potential of different scales so that we are able to optimize the distribution of regional water resources and reasonably regulate the water resources of the basin. From the cycle and transformation process of irrigation water, this paper analyzes the water-saving effect of different scales caused by water-saving measures. On this basis, a water-saving potential calculation formula for different scales such as farmland, irrigation districts, surface water and ground water is presented. Qingtongxia Irrigation District is taken as an example and water- saving potential of different scales is analyzed.
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2009年第9期8-11,共4页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB06B06-5)
黄河水利科学研究院科技发展基金项目(黄科发-2006010)资助
关键词
节水灌溉
尺度
节水潜力
water- saving irrigation
scale
water saving potential
