摘要
形貌及尺寸规整可控的纳米晶体的合成是目前十分引人注目的纳米材料研究领域.制备合成中的形貌调控及其功能化是这些纳米材料能够得到应用的关键问题.研究者们希望在纳米晶的任一阶段均能实现控制并在期望的阶段停止,从而得到尺寸、形态、结构及组成确定的纳米晶体.本文综述了近年来无机纳米晶体的典型合成路径,深入探讨了纳米晶在成核、生长及熟化阶段的控制原理,研究了液相合成纳米材料过程中晶体结构与生长行为的相关性问题,并总结了几类具有代表性的低维、多维纳米晶体的形成规律和生长机理.探索纳米粒子的调控合成对于纳米材料的规模化生产及应用具有重要的理论价值和指导意义.
Fabrication of nanocrystals with tailored morphologies and geometries has been attracting vast interest in the field of nanotechnology. The ability for shape control and functionalization of nanomaterials during synthesis plays a crucial role in their application potential. Manipulating nanostructures in any step and ceasing as desire are of significant challenge to obtain the certain size, shape, structure and composition of nanocrystals. Some typical syn- thetic strategies of inorganic nanocrystals are described, and the primary principles of their nucleation, growth and ripening processes, as well as the relationship between crystal structures and growth habits, are discussed. The growth mechanisms for some low/multiple-dimensional nanocrystals are summarized, which may be important on the large-scale synthesis of nanopaticles with morphological control for advanced applications.
出处
《中国科学（B辑）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第9期864-886,共23页
Science in China(Series B)
基金
国家自然科学基金(批准号:20673060)
教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(批准号:20070055014)
天津市自然科学基金(批准号:08JCZDJC21500)
国家重点基础研究发展计划(编号:2009CB623502)
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(编号:NCET-06-0215)资助
关键词
纳米材料
形貌调控
生长机理
晶体结构
水热合成
nanomaterial, shape control, growth mechanism, crystal structure, hydrothermal synthesis
