摘要
污染物的生物可利用性对生物修复、污染物生态毒性和环境风险评价有着十分重要的影响。本文通过对天津高沙岭潮间带底栖生物泥螺Bullacta exarata进行室内菲染毒实验,从泥螺暴露在菲污染环境之日算起,分别于1、3、5、7、10、12d采样,样品经冷冻、干燥、研磨、混匀、称量后,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)测量了泥螺体和肝脏对多环芳烃菲的累积数量,经过计算生物累积因子(BSAF值)研究了泥螺对菲的生物可利用性。结果表明,泥螺对菲的累积周期为12d,其身体和肝脏中菲的质量分数均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,分别在第7天和第5天达到最大值,其中肝脏的累积能力更强,肝脏对菲的最大累积量大约是身体的10倍,在食物链的传递中,这无疑会对更高营养级的生物造成较大的影响。研究还发现,泥螺对菲的累积主要来自于对底泥的摄食,这不仅与其自身的生活习性有关,还与栖息环境密切相关。所以,应当严格控制菲的人为输入,尤其是要严格控制石油类产品的泄露。该研究成果可以为天津河口、潮间带和近岸海域的环境监测、生态风险评价及生物修复提供科学依据。
The pollutants bioavailability has an important influence in bioremediation, pollutant ecology toxicity and environment risk assessment. Based on the exposure experiment in the laboratory by use of Bullacta exarata in the intertidal zone of Gaoshaling, Tianjin, from the date exposed to the environment polluted by phenanthrene, respectively in 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 d sampling, after freez- ing, drying, grinding, blending and weighing, accumulation of phenanthrene in Bullcata exarata were measured by Gas Chromatog- raphy and Mass Spectrometry （GC-MS）, the bioavilability ofBullacta exarata on phenanthrene had been studied by calculating the biota-sediment accumulation factor （BSAF）. The result showed that the accumulation period was 12 d, the phenanthrene mass frac- tion in Bullacta exarata body and liver were from high to low, maximum in 7d and 5d respectively. The accumulation in liver was about 10 times than that in body, which made considerable influence to the higher level of organism in the food chain. In the experi- ment, the phenanthrene in Bullacta exarata was mainly from food intake. The accumulation of phenanthrene in Bullacta exarata was not only related with their living habits but also with their habitats. Therefore, human input in the natural environment should be controlled strictly, particularly the leakage of oil products. The result provided also scientific basis for the environmental monitoring, ecological risk assessment and bioremediation in estuary and intertidal zone inTianjin.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期1241-1246,共6页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目(2007CB407306-2)
关键词
天津
潮间带
泥螺
菲
累积
生物可利用性
Tianjin
intertidal zone
Bullacta exarata
Phenanthrene
accumulation
bioavailability
