摘要
对广东大宝山矿区周围尾矿水、河水等水体系统中的氟质量浓度进行了分析,利用水质分类的方法研究氟的来源及分布规律,并在实验室内进行土壤溶出实验,进一步证明氟的来源。研究结果表明:大宝山矿区水质类型主要有以下4种:Ca-SO4,Mg-SO4,Ca-HCO3,Ca-Mg-SO4,其中Mg-SO4型水质中氟含量比较高,最高达到16.68mg·L-1;从时空分布来看,水中F-质量浓度存在着明显的季节与地域特征,雨季氟含量要比旱季低,在研究流域内水中氟质量浓度的分布规律是从尾矿库到滃江呈降低趋势,这说明氟来源于矿山艹鍪笛榻峁砻鳎何部罄嗤裂峄现兀蚧镅趸俳朔锏娜艹觯?溶出液pH变化与SO42-浓度变化都证明了这一点;表层土样溶出F-质量浓度由大到小的排列顺序为:槽对坑尾砂库表土,铁龙尾砂库外排河流底泥,上坝村水稻田土。槽对坑尾砂库分层土样溶出F-质量浓度和易溶氟化物浓度由大到小的排列顺序为:表土,0.5m,1m。溶出实验进一步证明了氟来源于矿山。
Fluoride concentrations in tailing and river systems in the vicinity of Dabao Shan mine, Guangdong province, were analyzed; Fluoride source and distribution were depicted by water quality classification, and dissolving experiments were taken in the laboratory to provide further evidence of fluoride source. The results showed 4 types of water existed in the vicinity of Dabao Shan mine： Ca-SO4, Mg-SO4, Ca-HCO3 and Ca-Mg-SO4, and Mg-SO4 is the primary type with highest fluoride concentration which can reach as high as value 16.68 mg/L; From the temporal and spatial distribution, fluoride concentrations has a clear seasonal and geo- graphical characteristics, is lower in rainy season than in arid season; Moreover, fluoride concentrations decrease from the tailing reservoir to Weng river, indicating that fluoride comes from the mining area. The dissolving experiment results showed acidification of Tailing soils is severe. Sulfide oxidation promotes the dissolution of fluoride, which is proved by the changes of pH and SO4^2- concentration in the dissolution solutions; F-concentration of topsoil decreased in the following order： topsoil of Caodui Keng tailing sand reservoir 〉 effiux river sediment of Tielong tailing sand reservoir 〉 rice-land soil of Shangba village, and in Caodui Keng tailing sand reservoir, F and easily soluble fluoride concentration of stratified soil decrease in the same order： topsoil 〉 0.5 m from the surface 〉 1 m from the surface; these results further suggestted that the fluoride resource was the mine area.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期1291-1298,共8页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40730741)
关键词
大宝山
矿区
氟污染
溶出实验
土壤
土壤酸化
污染源
Dabao shan
mine area
fluoride contamination
dissolving experiment
soil
soil acidification
pollution sources
