摘要
为阐明控释氮肥的产量和生态效应,选用N 75和150 kg/hm^2两种不同用量的控释氮肥(日本Meister系列)和尿素对比,在南方典型双季稻区第四纪红壤发育的水稻土上进行早稻和晚稻田间试验,观测控释肥氮素田间释放规律及水稻的生长、产量和氮肥利用率。结果表明,控释氮肥S_9和LP_(70)(40%)+LPS_(100)(60%)的氮释放规律分别与早稻、晚稻氮吸收的规律基本一致,且氮累积吸收量与控释肥氮释放率均成显著正相关(相关方程的决定系数R^2=0.9764和0.9968)。与N 75 kg/hm^2用量的尿素相比,早、晚稻施用相同量的控释氮肥分别增产3.6%和9.3%;有效分蘖数和有效穗数明显增加,氮肥利用率分别提高了29.9个百分点和10.4个百分点。施用高氮(N 150 kg/hm^2)尿素的水稻产量与低氮(N 75 kg/hm^2)控释肥相比,差异不显著。因此,施用控释氮肥N 75 kg/hm^2时,水稻氮肥利用率显著提高,为我国南方双季稻生产中一种高产高环境效益的施肥方式。
Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer （Meister made by Japan） were chosen with two application rates, N 75 and 150 kg/ha, to investigate the nitrogen release dynamics of controlled-release fertilizer and its effects on growth, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency of early rice and late rice in red soil paddy field of Qiyang, Hunan province of Southern China. The results showed that the nitrogen release dynamics of S9 and LP70（40%）＋LPS100（60%） met with uptake by early rice, and late rice satisfactorily. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was observed between the accumulate N uptake by early rice and N release from S9 （R^2=0.9764）, and the accumulate N uptake by late rice and N release from LP70（40%）＋LPS100（60%） （R^2=0.9968）. Compare to the same application rate of urea, applying controlled-release N fertilizer N 75 kg/ha increased the grain yield by 3.6% and 9.3%, and nitrogen use efficiency by 29.9 percent point and 10.4 percent point for early rice and late rice, respectively. Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer could give more effective panicles and tillers than those of urea. No significant difference was observed in grain yield between N 150 kg/ha of urea and N 75 kg/ha of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer. Thus, application controlled release nitrogen fertilizer N 75 kg/ha was recommended as best fertilization approach with comprehensive consideration on high yield and high efficiency.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第5期1010-1015,共6页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划"973"项目(2007CB109308)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD05B09
2006BAD02A14
96-004-03-03)
中-日合作项目"环境保护型农业技术的开发与评价"资助
关键词
控释氮肥
早稻
晚稻
生长
氮肥利用率
controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer early rice late rice growth nitrogen use efficiency
